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VII.

In the World

A growing photo log from research trips, library visits, and the field work behind the Kaufmann World Travel Factbook. The world is the source material; the books are the notes.

A few honest notes before you scroll. Across every journey pictured below, not one human was harmed, not one animal was eaten, and not one photograph contains anything indecent — just a man, a camera, and a stack of postcards heading home. 🙂 Your grandmother would approve.

“It always seems impossible until it’s done.”

— Nelson Mandela

The motto I travel by. I have tried to take it seriously.

🇪🇺  Europe15 photos · 6 countries

Radim Kaufmann at the Colosseum in Rome, with the ancient Flavian Amphitheatre's tiered arches in full sunlight behind him

The Colosseum · the full façade

Rome · Italy

The Flavian Amphitheatre keeps winning the staring contest. In a city that produces saints and ruins in roughly equal measure, this one is older than the religion built around it — a stadium with the same brutal logic as Wembley or Yankee Stadium, retrofitted over fifteen centuries into something we mistake for sacred. The best view is from a slight rise on the Via Sacra side: enough distance to read the whole arc of the building, enough proximity to feel what eighty thousand seats actually meant in 80 CE.

Radim Kaufmann at the Colosseum in Rome, photographed from a viewing terrace showing the tiered arches and travertine façade of the Flavian Amphitheatre

The Colosseum · arches and travertine

Rome · Italy

Up close, the engineering does the talking. Three orders of columns stack vertically — Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, in that exact order — not as decoration but as a load-bearing argument about hierarchy in stone. The whole façade is travertine, lime-rich stone quarried near Tivoli and brought in by a road built just for the project. You realise the marvel isn't that the building is here today. It's that it ever rose at all.

Radim Kaufmann in Tuscan wine country, raising a glass of Chianti Classico with a Tuscan villa, cypress trees, and rows of vineyards behind him

Chianti Country

Tuscany · Italy

Tuscan landscape is propaganda that turned out to be true. Cypress trees lining the ridge, a villa exactly where a villa should be, vines in straight lines down the slope — every cliché holds up when you arrive. The bottle on the table is a Ruffino Riserva Ducale, the Chianti Classico that helped invent the modern image of the region. I keep coming back, partly for the wine, partly to confirm that this place isn't an Instagram filter.

Radim Kaufmann seated in a black Venetian gondola on the Grand Canal with an Italian female friend in a sky-blue sundress, both holding gelato cones, the Rialto Bridge rising in the background, gondolier in striped shirt and straw hat steering at the stern

Gelato beneath the Rialto

Venice · Italy

Venice is a city built on the proposition that water might be a road, and 1,500 years later the bet is still paying off. Riding a gondola under the Rialto with two cones of gelato — pistachio and stracciatella — is the most touristy thing one can do here, and I refuse to apologise for it. The bridge has been carrying merchants across the Grand Canal since 1591. Today it carries selfie sticks. Both seem fitting.

Radim Kaufmann at Oia, Santorini, with the iconic blue-domed Cycladic churches and the Aegean caldera behind him

The Blue Domes of Oia

Santorini · Greece

Oia is what happens when geology decides to assist tourism. The crescent of the Cyclades sits on the rim of a sunken volcano; the white village clings to the inside of the caldera; the blue domes started as a practical choice — cheap pigment, plenty of sun — and ended as a global brand. The view of Therasia across the water, on the right kind of late afternoon, is one of the small things in Europe genuinely worth flying for.

Radim Kaufmann at sunset in Oia, Santorini, with a Greek female friend, both raising glasses of white Assyrtiko wine in a toast, the blue-domed Cycladic church and Aegean caldera behind them

A Toast over the Caldera

Oia · Santorini · Greece

Assyrtiko is the local white — a volcanic grape grown in basket-shaped vines kept low against the wind, with a salt-and-flint character that tastes like the rock it came from. Sunset toasts on Santorini are roughly twenty thousand a day in summer; we did ours quietly, before the crowd assembled on the cliff for the actual show. The view did the heavy lifting.

Radim Kaufmann in Berat, Albania, with a local Albanian historian in a tweed jacket gesturing toward the spectacular cascade of Ottoman-era white houses of the Mangalem quarter rising in tiers to the medieval Berat Castle on the hilltop, the Osum River and stone bridge with cafe terraces below

Berat · the Town of a Thousand Windows

Berat · Albania

Berat is a 2,400-year-old hilltop city in central Albania whose Ottoman-era old town clings to a steep slope above the Osum River in such dense tiers of whitewashed houses that the place earned its other name — Qyteti i Një Mijë Dritareve, the Town of a Thousand Windows. The windows aren’t just numerous; they’re a feature. Every house faces the same direction, every window stacks neatly above the one below, so the whole hillside reads as a single architectural composition. UNESCO listed it for that reason in 2008. At the top sits the 13th-century Berat Castle, one of very few inhabited medieval castles in Europe — people still live inside its walls. My guide that afternoon, Andrei, is an Albanian historian who has spent thirty years writing about the town. He showed me which house his great-grandfather built, which windows survived which war, which café serves the best bukë me djathë. Some places are best understood through the people who refuse to leave them.

Radim Kaufmann riding a matte-charcoal Vespa GTS 300 scooter along the dramatic cliffside hairpins of the SH8 coastal road through the Llogara Pass on the Albanian Riviera, with two Albanian friends behind on a vintage cream Vespa and a red Lambretta, the deep cobalt Ionian Sea and the distant outline of the Greek island of Corfu visible on the horizon, Ceraunian Mountains rising steep on the left

SH8 · the Albanian Riviera

Llogara Pass · Albania

SH8 runs the length of the Albanian Riviera, from the bay of Vlorë down through the Llogara Pass at 1,027 metres and on past Himarë, Dhërmi, and Sarandë to the Greek border. The pass climbs through Ceraunian Mountains so rugged the Ottomans gave up trying to govern this stretch of coast and let the villages run themselves. The descent from Llogara, hairpin after hairpin opening onto views of the entire turquoise coastline below, is — without exaggeration — one of the great drives in the Mediterranean. The road is empty. The light is gold. Corfu sits on the horizon, three kilometres off the Albanian shore, looking close enough to swim to. I rode this one in the company of Genti and Bardh, two friends from Sarandë who treat SH8 like the family driveway. They were generous enough to let me lead. They were faster than they looked.

Radim Kaufmann at an outdoor wicker-chair cafe terrace on a tree-lined street in the Blloku district of Tirana, Albania, opposite a chestnut-haired Albanian female friend in a cream linen blouse and slim navy trousers, both holding small white porcelain espresso cups mid-laughter, marble bistro table with a glass carafe of mint water and a plate of almond biscuits, the well-dressed street life of Blloku visible behind

Espresso in Blloku

Tirana · Albania

Until 1991, Blloku was the most exclusive square kilometre in Albania — the closed-off neighbourhood where Enver Hoxha and the Communist Party elite lived, eight blocks of leafy streets and modernist villas walled off from the rest of Tirana. Ordinary Albanians weren’t allowed in. After the regime fell, the walls came down, the villas were turned into bars and boutiques, and within a decade Blloku had become the hippest neighbourhood in the Balkans — a place where the children of Communist commissars opened cocktail bars next to the children of dissidents who’d been sent to gulags. Albania, in a single neighbourhood, working through its history with cheerful pragmatism. Mira, my friend from a Tirana publishing house, has been writing essays about the transformation since the 1990s. We drank the small ferocious espressos that Albanians prefer, and she told me which buildings had been which official’s villa, which villa had been which secret-police office. Some histories take a generation to talk about. Others, you can cover in an hour and a half over good coffee.

Radim Kaufmann paddling a bright orange tandem sea kayak through the crystal-clear turquoise water of the southern Albanian Riviera between the small uninhabited Ksamil Islands, with an Albanian female friend in a peach rash guard paddling in the front seat, both wearing life vests and sunglasses, Mediterranean pine-covered islands rising from the sea around them, the Greek island of Corfu visible on the horizon across the Vivari Channel

Ksamil · Kayak Between the Islands

Albanian Riviera · Albania

Ksamil is a village at the southern tip of the Albanian Riviera, three kilometres across the Vivari Channel from Corfu and as far from a city as you can get in this country. Three small uninhabited islands lie within easy paddling distance from the shore — green tufts of Mediterranean pine and wild oregano rising from water so clear it doesn’t look real. The Ionian here is 25 degrees in summer; the islands have tiny crescents of pebble beach that, if you arrive before ten in the morning, you can have to yourself. The economic miracle of post-Communist Albania has done much of its work on this coast. Twenty years ago Ksamil was a half-empty village whose teenagers all wanted to leave for Greece. Today it’s where the children of those teenagers come back to run beach bars and seafood restaurants. Klara, who lent me the kayak and paddled in the bow seat, runs one of those restaurants. She knew the water the way her grandmother knew the kitchen — completely, without thinking. I tried to keep up.

Radim Kaufmann at the Auracher Löchl restaurant in Kufstein, Tyrol, with two glasses of white wine on the table and the historic Kufstein Fortress on the wooded hill behind

Auracher Löchl · below the Fortress

Kufstein · Tyrol · Austria

Auracher Löchl has been pouring drinks since 1480 — about a century before Shakespeare wrote anything. The fortress on the cliff above it, Festung Kufstein, is older still, dating from 1205. The Tyrol works because the medieval logic of the place — castle on the rock, town in the gorge, river to power the mills — never stopped making sense. You sit in a courtyard restaurant under the same shadow that fell on it in 1480, and the wine list is, by some miracle, still excellent.

Radim Kaufmann on the formal gravel path at the centre of the Grand Parterre of Schloss Schönbrunn the Habsburg summer palace in Vienna Austria at golden hour wearing a navy wool blazer over a crisp white Oxford shirt unbuttoned at the collar with cuffed charcoal trousers and tan leather brogues his brown leather camera bag slung across his shoulder holding his DSLR and a folded BEST OF VIENNA guidebook beside Dr. Friederike Hofmann a 60-something Viennese cultural historian with neatly bobbed silver-grey hair and kind grey-blue eyes in an elegant navy wool blazer over a cream silk blouse with a small Habsburg double-eagle enamel lapel pin and a tasteful charcoal pencil skirt and low-heeled black leather pumps holding a leather-bound notebook and gesturing toward the central balcony of the palace mid-sentence, the long horizontal 1441-room Baroque facade in distinctive Schönbrunn yellow Maria-Theresien-Gelb with white architectural trim and the central pedimented gable bearing the Habsburg double-eagle crest bathed in the warm gold of the last sun, the formal geometric parterre garden with low clipped boxwood hedges in intricate French-Baroque scrollwork patterns and seasonal beds of red salvia and purple petunias and marble urns and statues of classical figures on plinths surrounding them, the white classical colonnade of the Gloriette monument silhouetted on the rise behind, a small information panel SCHLOSS SCHÖNBRUNN · UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE · 1996 with the Habsburg double-eagle emblem on a marble plinth, two formally dressed park staff in green Schönbrunn uniforms walking the perimeter path, a pair of jackdaws wheeling above the central gable, deep cobalt sky transitioning to peach-rose at horizon with a few high mare's-tail cirrus clouds catching the warm light

Schönbrunn Palace at Golden Hour

Vienna · Austria

Schönbrunn — the Habsburg summer residence on the western edge of Vienna — has 1,441 rooms, a 435-hectare formal garden, the oldest zoo in continuous operation in the world (founded 1752), and a specific shade of warm yellow paint that Empress Maria Theresia chose in 1740 and that has been carefully reproduced on every Habsburg public building from Bregenz to Lviv ever since. It is called Maria-Theresien-Gelb — Maria Theresa’s yellow — and it is calibrated to look its best in exactly the late-afternoon golden light of a continental European autumn evening. The palace was the principal childhood home of Marie Antoinette (who left it at fifteen, never to return, to marry the future Louis XVI). It was the site of the 1814-1815 Congress of Vienna, which redrew the map of post-Napoleonic Europe. It was the favourite residence of Emperor Franz Joseph, who was born in this palace in 1830 and died in this palace in 1916, having reigned for sixty-eight years over an empire of fifty million subjects across thirteen modern-day countries. And it was, on the 11th of November 1918, the building from which the last Habsburg emperor, Karl I, formally renounced participation in affairs of state and ended a dynasty that had ruled central Europe in unbroken male succession since 1273. Dr. Friederike Hofmann walked me out into the central parterre an hour before closing, when the late tourist crowds have thinned and the light is at its most flattering to the architecture. She pointed out the specific window of the central facade on the second floor: the bedroom in which Franz Joseph slept on an iron camp-bed every night of his sixty-eight-year reign, refusing the silk-canopied imperial four-poster because, he said, it was undignified for the Emperor to live more comfortably than his soldiers. “In Vienna,” she said quietly, “we are still the most reluctant of all the republics. We had monarchy for six hundred years. We have been a republic for one hundred and eight. Some of us are still making up our minds.”

Radim Kaufmann on the stone parapet of the Mönchsberg viewpoint above the historic Old Town of Salzburg Austria at late-morning in a charcoal-grey wool blazer over a crisp white shirt unbuttoned with dark navy chinos and polished brown leather Oxfords his brown leather camera bag slung across his shoulder holding his DSLR camera and a folded MOZART STADT pocket map, beside Maximilian Berger a 50-something Salzburger licensed cultural guide of pale fair complexion with neatly trimmed brown-and-grey hair and friendly hazel eyes in a tasteful loden-green Trachten waistcoat with silver-and-green buttons over a crisp white linen shirt and dark trousers with a small embroidered chest patch SALZBURG-STADT FÜHRER · LIZENZIERT bearing the Salzburg coat of arms holding a slim wooden walking-stick in one hand and gesturing with the other open hand toward the cluster of baroque domes and spires in the city below, the panoramic view of Salzburg's UNESCO old town with densely-packed terracotta-tiled rooftops, the green copper domes of the Salzburg Cathedral 1614 and the slim spires of the Franziskanerkirche and Stiftskirche St. Peter and the Domplatz with its central Marian column, the Salzach river curving through the centre in pale jade-green, the massive Festung Hohensalzburg the largest fully preserved medieval castle in central Europe commenced 1077 rising on its rocky bluff at the opposite end of the old town, the Mirabell Gardens visible across the river, the snow-capped Untersberg massif on the distant western horizon, a brass viewpoint orientation plaque on the parapet engraved DOM · STIFT ST. PETER · FRANZISKANERKIRCHE · MIRABELL · FESTUNG HOHENSALZBURG · GETREIDEGASSE with the Salzburg coat of arms at centre, a pair of jackdaws Corvus monedula wheeling above the cathedral domes, bright Austrian late-morning sun and deep cobalt sky with high cumulus

Salzburg Old Town from the Mönchsberg

Salzburg · Austria

Salzburg is the most architecturally intact historic city centre in the German-speaking world — 1.3 square kilometres of medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque buildings that survived the Second World War almost unscathed and have been continuously inhabited and used since the eighth century. The whole old town was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996. The city’s name is salt-town — Salz Burg — and salt is the reason it exists. The Romans mined it from the Dürrnberg salt deposit beginning around AD 80; the medieval Prince-Archbishops of Salzburg controlled the salt-roads (Salzstrassen) running from the Alps to Bavaria and Bohemia for almost a thousand years; the entire baroque rebuilding of the city centre in the 17th century was financed by salt revenues funnelled directly into the personal fortune of three successive Prince-Archbishops. Their Italian-trained court architects gave Salzburg the dense cluster of green-domed churches, Italian-style arcaded courtyards, and the unmistakable warm-yellow palette that makes the city look, from this viewpoint, like a single coherent piece of seventeenth-century architecture. In the middle of all this, in a narrow merchant’s house at Getreidegasse 9, on the 27th of January 1756, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born. His father Leopold was a court musician to the Archbishop. Mozart spent the first twenty-five years of his life in this city, hated most of it, finally left in 1781 for Vienna, and never came back. The city has been politely competing with that fact ever since. Maximilian Berger took me up to the Mönchsberg viewpoint just after the Cathedral bells had struck eleven. He pointed out, with the amiable specificity of a man who has been giving the same tour for thirty years, the exact rooftop of the Mozart birthplace down in the Getreidegasse; the bell-tower of the Stiftskirche St. Peter, which has been rung continuously since AD 696; and the bunkered fortress of Hohensalzburg above us, which has never in nine hundred and forty-eight years been successfully taken by an attacking army. “What you are looking at,” he said with quiet pride, “is the most expensive, most beautiful, and most stubborn small city in central Europe. We are at the geographic centre of nothing in particular. We just decided, six centuries ago, to make this one place look exactly the way we wanted it to. And then we never stopped.”

Radim Kaufmann at the wooden lakeside waterfront railing of the village of Hallstatt in the Salzkammergut region of Austria on a still October morning just after dawn, a European traveller in his fifties with neatly groomed silver-grey hair, clean-shaven, and small rectangular dark-frame wireframe glasses in a charcoal-grey wool crew-neck sweater with dark grey trousers and brown leather walking boots, his brown leather camera bag worn cross-body with a professional DSLR and 70-200mm telephoto lens at his hip, holding a small enamel mug of black coffee with a thin curl of steam rising, beside Lukas Pömer a Hallstatt local in his late fifties of multi-generational Austrian alpine stock with a weathered ruddy face from a lifetime outdoors and deep-set blue eyes in a traditional forest-green loden wool jacket with horn buttons and grey lapel piping over a white collared shirt with dark grey wool trousers and dark leather boots and a traditional dark-green Austrian alpine felt hat tilted slightly back with a small edelweiss pin on the brim and a tuft of chamois-beard brush on the side, holding a steel thermos and gesturing gently toward the lake mid-sentence, the iconic layered village of Hallstatt stretching across the right half of the frame with narrow wooden chalets and shingle roofs and flower-box balconies stacked vertically up the steep mountainside, the white-spired Catholic parish church Maria am Berg rising at right-of-centre, the dark steep face of the Dachstein massif looming behind, the open Hallstättersee stretching across the left half of the frame in low silver mist with the dark cliffs of the far shore softly veiled in haze, a traditional wooden Plätte fishing boat with weathered oars moored to the dock in the lower-left foreground, pre-dawn blue hour transitioning into first golden hour with warm rim-light from the eastern sky on the church spire and the men's faces, pale peach low horizon and dusky blue overhead

Hallstatt at Dawn

Hallstatt · Austria

Hallstatt is what happens when seven hundred and fifty people decide, with great patience and considerable stubbornness, to keep living on a strip of lakeshore approximately one street wide, pressed between a glass-still alpine lake and a vertical mountain wall, for the better part of seven thousand years. The salt is the reason. The Hallstatt salt mine on the mountain above the village — the Salzberg, the salt mountain — is the oldest continuously worked salt mine on earth; archaeologists have dated wooden mining equipment from its galleries to around 5000 BC. The salt was the wealth, the salt was the trade, the salt funded everything. In the eighth century BC the village had grown rich enough on salt that its inhabitants began burying their dead with imported bronze cauldrons, amber from the Baltic, and carved ivory from North Africa. When the cemetery was excavated in the nineteenth century by a local mine official named Johann Georg Ramsauer, the grave goods were so unusual and so culturally distinct that European archaeologists invented an entire historical period to describe them: the Hallstatt Culture, 1200 to 500 BC, the early Iron Age of central Europe. Every textbook on Iron Age Europe still uses the name. The village that named the age is, today, six hundred metres long. Lukas Pömer is the ninth generation of his family to work the salt mine. He met me at the dock at six in the morning with a thermos of black coffee and a chamois-beard brush in his hat-band, both inherited from his grandfather. “We were here before Rome,” he said, looking out at the lake. “Before the Celts had a word for iron. The Hallstatt culture — they named the European Iron Age after this village, did you know that? Because of what they dug up in our cemetery.” A church bell struck the hour from somewhere above the rooftops, and the sound travelled across the mirror of the lake and came back to us a moment later, slightly altered. “It is a small place,” Lukas said. “But it has been small for a very long time.”

Radim Kaufmann in a crisp white linen shirt with sleeves rolled to the elbows sitting on the back terrace of a Vienna Ringstrasse cafe on the first warm afternoon of June, opposite his friend Bernhard Mann in a beige polo shirt mid-sentence about the precession of the equinoxes, the marble cafe table between them with an Aperol Spritz and a Hugo and three illustrated books on the history of astrology including Zodiac by Martine Woolfolk and Stars and the History of Astrology, the rose garden of the cafe terrace, the classical facade of the Burgtheater on the Universitatsring rising behind the trees in the background with its characteristic green-copper dome and crowning statue, late afternoon sun filtering through the foliage, two friends in an unhurried Vienna conversation

A Vienna Afternoon · Aperol, Hugo, and the History of Astrology

Vienna · Austria

Vienna, the first warm afternoon of June, the back terrace of a café on the Universitätsring with the Burgtheater rising behind the rose bushes — Aperol Spritz, Hugo, and Bernhard Mann, who has just brought to the table three of the best-illustrated books on the history of astrology I have ever seen and is mid-sentence about the precession of the equinoxes. Bernhard is one of those Viennese intellectuals — there are still a few — who treats the entire span of Western thought as a single ongoing dinner-party conversation that he happens to have been invited to in 1969 and has not yet left. We have been arguing, in the friendliest possible way, about whether the Babylonians or the Egyptians ought to get credit for the twelve-fold zodiac (Bernhard: Babylonians, “and not even close”); whether Kepler’s Harmonices Mundi of 1619 is the last great astrological treatise or the first great astronomical one (“both, and it is exactly that which makes it interesting”); and whether the entire Western enterprise of trying to predict a human life by looking at the sky is more poignant if you believe it works or if you do not (we disagreed about this and ended in laughter). The Spritz is doing what the Spritz is supposed to do. The Burgtheater is doing what the Burgtheater has done since 1888 — looking heavier than the air around it and slightly older than it ought to be. “In Vienna,” Bernhard said at one point, “we have a very long tradition of taking ideas more seriously than people. It is one of our virtues, and it is also why we have produced more brilliant misanthropes per square kilometre than any other city in Europe. I include myself in this.” He smiled. “Cheers.”

Radim Kaufmann (centre) cycling along the Seine embankment in Paris with friends, with the Eiffel Tower rising above the river and a bridge in the background

The Eiffel Tower · along the Seine

Paris · France

Paris is most itself at bicycle pace. The Seine path between the Champ-de-Mars and the Trocadéro gives you the Tower at every angle the postcards covered, plus a few they missed. The “PARIS je t’aime” sign on the basket is, of course, cheesy. So is Paris. That’s part of the deal — the city is too aware of itself to pretend otherwise, and embraces it with such elegance that you forgive it everything.

Radim Kaufmann playing dominoes with a local Abkhaz elder in a grey flat cap and navy linen shirt at an outdoor seaside cafe on the Sukhumi promenade in Abkhazia, with two tea glasses in metal podstakanniks, a small dish of mountain honey, palms and Soviet-era neoclassical buildings behind, the Black Sea on the right

Dominoes on the Sukhumi Promenade

Sukhumi · Abkhazia

Sukhumi spreads along a crescent bay where the Caucasus meets the Black Sea — a city of faded elegance whose twentieth century put it through more than its share of trials. The Greeks knew it as Dioscurias in the sixth century BCE; the Soviets turned it into a resort capital where three million holidaymakers a year filled the sanatoriums; the 1992 war ended most of that. What survives is the rhythm of small things. The Botanical Garden, founded in 1840, still blooms with five thousand species. The palm trees still cast their evening shadows on the marble promenade. And at the seaside cafés, the older Abkhaz men still play dominoes the way they always have — slowly, seriously, over glasses of black tea sweetened with mountain honey. Aleko, my opponent that afternoon, was about to win, and was being kind enough to tell me how, before he did.

🌎  Americas21 photos · 8 countries

Radim Kaufmann at Machu Picchu, Peru, with the iconic Huayna Picchu peak and terraced Inca ruins behind him

Machu Picchu · Huayna Picchu peak

Andes · Peru

The Inca built about three hundred kilometres of mortarless stone walls across this ridge — at 2,430 metres, in a climate that swings between cloud and equatorial sun within an hour. They did it without iron tools or the wheel. The site was “rediscovered” in 1911 by Hiram Bingham, though local farmers had been living next to it the whole time. Standing here, the first thing you notice isn’t the engineering. It’s how quiet it is.

Radim Kaufmann at Machu Picchu, Peru, with a panoramic view of the Inca citadel ruins, terraces, and Huayna Picchu mountain behind him

Machu Picchu · the Inca Citadel

Andes · Peru

The citadel itself is laid out in two halves — agricultural terraces on one side, residential and ceremonial buildings on the other, divided by a central plaza. Whether it was a royal estate, a religious centre, or both, scholars are still arguing. What’s clear is that the people who built it understood drainage, earthquake-resistant masonry, and view planning at a level that any modern architect would recognise as serious work — and they did it five centuries before the term “civil engineer” existed in any language.

Radim Kaufmann on the observation platform on top of Corcovado Mountain in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, his arms outstretched wide in playful mimicry of the towering Cristo Redentor statue rising behind him, with the city of Rio, Sugarloaf Mountain, and Guanabara Bay glittering below

Cristo Redentor · arms outstretched

Corcovado · Rio de Janeiro · Brazil

The statue is 38 metres tall, completed in 1931, art-deco soapstone over a reinforced-concrete frame. It was designed by the Brazilian engineer Heitor da Silva Costa and the French-Polish sculptor Paul Landowski, and sits at 710 metres on Corcovado, looking out over Guanabara Bay. The pose-mimicry photo is a cliché I committed to cheerfully. There’s something about being that high above Rio, with the city and the sea spread below and the wind coming off the Atlantic, that suspends the irony reflex for a few minutes.

Radim Kaufmann at the South Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, leaning slightly forward as he points his right hand toward the layered red-orange canyon walls, holding a stainless-steel water bottle

Grand Canyon · the South Rim

Arizona · USA

The Grand Canyon is one of those landscapes that no photograph quite captures, because what it really has is scale, and scale doesn’t fit in a frame. Six million years of the Colorado River cutting through a kilometre and a half of sedimentary rock, exposing layers from the Cambrian up. The South Rim handles roughly five million visitors a year. The river at the bottom doesn’t notice any of them.

Radim Kaufmann on the red-sand mesa of Monument Valley on the Navajo Nation lands, pointing toward the iconic Mittens Buttes and Merrick Butte rising on the horizon, holding a faded tan cowboy hat in his other hand

Monument Valley · the Mittens

Navajo Nation · Arizona/Utah · USA

The two buttes are called the Mittens because they look like a pair of hands, palms inward, thumbs facing the camera. They’re the residual rock of a sandstone layer that eroded around them — the desert is what’s left after time finishes the job. The valley is a Navajo Nation tribal park; everything here, from the road in to the silverwork sold at the visitor centre, runs by Diné. It’s their land. You drive through as a guest, and behave accordingly.

Radim Kaufmann inside a curved underwater aquarium tunnel, his right hand raised toward the glass as a large reef shark glides past, surrounded by schools of tropical fish and coral, blue underwater light bathing the scene

Eye to Eye with a Shark

Underwater Aquarium Tunnel

The acrylic in a tunnel like this is about thirty centimetres thick. Two and a half million litres of saltwater press against it from above; a few thousand fish swim through it; one large reef shark drifts past at eye level. You raise a hand reflexively. The shark, who has done this trip several thousand times before, does not react. He has things to do.

Radim Kaufmann at the helm of a 50-foot racing sailing yacht during the Antigua Sailing Week regatta in the Caribbean, with two Antiguan sailing-buddy crew - one trimming the mainsheet, one managing the spinnaker pole - the blue-white-yellow spinnaker fully filled overhead, Antigua's national flag flying at the stern, a yellow inflatable course marker visible, competing yachts and the silhouette of Shirley Heights behind

Antigua Sailing Week · at the Helm

Antigua & Barbuda · Caribbean

Antigua Sailing Week has been held every April since 1968 and is the oldest and largest sailing regatta in the Caribbean. Seventy to a hundred yachts arrive from across the Atlantic and the Americas to race a series of inshore and round-the-island courses over seven days, with the after-races moving each evening to a different historic harbour: Falmouth, English Harbour, Dickenson Bay. The whole thing — the racing, the prize-giving, the rum, the steel pan bands at the dockside — is the Caribbean sailing world’s annual reunion. I sailed the second day on board Endless Pleasure, a 50-foot racing sloop helmed by my friend Augustus and crewed by his old friend Carlton — both of whom learned to sail on these waters as boys in the 1980s. The trade wind held steady at 18 knots; the sea was clean; the spinnaker filled and we surged across the line behind the leaders, the deck heeled so sharply I had to brace my feet against the leeward winch. Augustus told me, as we rounded the windward mark with the spray bursting white over the bow, that the best definition of happiness he knew was a boat that was sailing well, under people who loved her.

Radim Kaufmann at the Shirley Heights ruined 1781 British garrison above English Harbour in Antigua at sunset, with two Antiguan musicians playing steel pan drums - one in turquoise floral shirt and Antigua flag cap, one in yellow Antigua Sailing Week polo with dreadlocks - three tall glasses of rum punch with pineapple and cherry garnish on the rustic wooden table, a metal tray of freshly grilled Antiguan jerk chicken on a banana leaf, golden plantains, fresh tropical fruit, a Cavalier Antigua Rum bottle, the ruined ramparts and historic British cannons behind, English Harbour packed with dozens of moored sailing yachts visible 200 metres below, flame trees in red bloom flanking the ramparts, glorious Caribbean sunset

Shirley Heights · the Sunday Sunset

Antigua & Barbuda · Caribbean

Shirley Heights is the ruined hilltop garrison overlooking English Harbour and Falmouth Harbour from a 200-metre limestone bluff. Built by the British in 1781 to defend the Royal Navy dockyard below, the fortress was abandoned in 1854, and lay forgotten — until, in the late 1980s, someone realized that the view from the ramparts at sunset was perhaps the most photogenic in the eastern Caribbean. The Antiguan government opened it as a viewpoint; an enterprising local started a Sunday afternoon barbecue with rum punch and a steel pan band; and the Shirley Heights Sunday was born. Forty years later it is one of the iconic Caribbean experiences. My friend Owen, the senior steelpan player, has played the Sunday at Shirley Heights for thirty-one years. He told me, mid-set with a wide grin, that the steel pan was Trinidad’s gift to the Caribbean — the only entirely new acoustic instrument invented in the 20th century — and that no Sunday should pass without one. I left at full sunset with the harbour gone gold below and the band moving into "Yellow Bird." Some farewells, the place writes for you.

Radim Kaufmann barefoot on Shoal Bay East beach in northern Anguilla with a local fourth-generation Anguillian fisherman in his 60s in a faded sky-blue cotton fishing shirt holding out a freshly-caught pink queen conch shell with its iconic spiral form and polished pink interior, a wooden bucket beside them containing two more queen conch and a Caribbean spiny crayfish with long antennae, a traditional wooden Anguillian sloop moored just offshore, coconut palms along the bone-white powder-fine coral sand beach, turquoise-glass Caribbean water

Shoal Bay East · with a Fisherman

Anguilla · Caribbean

Shoal Bay East is two kilometres of bone-white coral sand on the north coast of Anguilla — consistently ranked in the world’s top ten beaches, and remarkable for the fact that you might be one of only twenty people on it on any given weekday morning. The sand is impossibly fine: powdery rather than granular. The water is glass — a calm turquoise lagoon protected by a reef three hundred metres offshore. There are no cruise ships in Anguilla. The whole island has chosen, deliberately, not to have them. My guide that morning was Cleophas, a fourth-generation Anguillian fisherman who works the reefs at dawn for queen conch and Caribbean spiny lobster — the Anguillian crayfish, as the locals call it. He explained how to spot the difference between a mature queen conch and a juvenile (the pink lip flares out only when the conch is fully grown, which takes five to seven years), and that the entire Anguillian fishery is regulated by the village elders rather than by a government bureau. The conch population is healthy. Some traditional systems work better than the modern ones built to replace them.

Radim Kaufmann racing on the traditional wooden Anguillian sloop Sonia during the Anguilla Boat Race at Sandy Ground Bay, captain Glenford visible at the stern holding the long wooden tiller, full sky-blue wooden hull and cockpit interior visible, three Anguillian crew in Anguilla Boat Racing caps positioned along the windward rail as live ballast, sail with Anguilla flag emblem and three fish, two competing sloops in the background with orange and green sails, pastel Caribbean village along the coast

Sonia · the Anguillian Sloop Race

Sandy Ground · Anguilla

Anguilla is the only country in the world whose national sport is sailing a particular type of small traditional wooden sloop. The Anguillian sloop is a 17-to-28-foot open wooden vessel, hand-built from local white-cedar timber by a small handful of remaining master shipwrights, with a low freeboard, a single gaff-rigged sail, and absolutely no engine or modern accommodation. There are perhaps thirty active racing sloops in Anguilla today; each has a name, a hereditary boat-owning family, and a fanatically loyal local fan base. I crewed on Sonia, a sky-blue 22-footer skippered by Glenford and his crew Lorenzo and Reuben — three friends who have raced together since they were boys. The race that day was a 4-mile course at Sandy Ground Bay; the breeze was a perfect 17 knots; we heeled at a controlled angle with three of us on the windward rail as live ballast and held the lead through the windward mark before losing it on the downwind leg to a 28-footer with more sail area. We finished second of fifteen. Reuben told me, with a wide grin as we pulled into the harbour, that finishing second to a 28-footer in a 22-footer is, on Anguilla, almost the same as winning.

Radim Kaufmann at Johnno's Beach Stop on Sandy Ground Bay in Anguilla at sunset, with Bonnie laughing across the wooden picnic table and Johnno bringing a platter of grilled queen conch, the laden table featuring split-grilled Caribbean spiny crayfish, conch fritters in banana-leaf basket, pigeon peas and rice, golden johnnycakes, Pyrat XO Anguilla Rum bottle and Pyrat-branded tumblers, the racing sloop Sonia pulled up on the beach behind, bare-bulb fairy lights overhead, magnificent Caribbean sunset

Johnno’s Beach Stop · Conch & Crayfish at Sunset

Sandy Ground · Anguilla

Johnno’s Beach Stop is a legendary open-air Anguillian beach shack on the sand of Sandy Ground Bay, operating since the late 1970s, founded by an Anguillian fisherman named Johnno and his wife Bonnie. The menu is unchanged in fifty years: whatever was caught off Sandy Ground that morning, grilled over wood embers by Bonnie in the open-air kitchen, served at wooden picnic tables on the sand, accompanied by pigeon peas and rice, johnnycakes, and Pyrat XO rum — the Anguillian rum that has won more international prizes than any other Caribbean spirit. The night I joined them, the haul was excellent: half a dozen queen conch grilled with garlic-lime-butter, a tower of crispy conch fritters from the morning’s catch, and two enormous Caribbean spiny crayfish split lengthwise and grilled on the half-shell. Bonnie’s pigeon peas and rice arrived with a small bowl of her infamous pepper sauce — she warned me, "two drops, no more" — and we ate as the sun went down behind the sloops pulled up on the beach. Johnno told me, as the sky turned orange and the bare bulbs above the table came on, that the conch population on Sandy Ground had been carefully managed by the village for three generations. Anguillan conch is among the best I have ever eaten. The setting helps.

Radim Kaufmann standing barefoot at the water's edge on Sandy Ground beach in Anguilla at sunset, white linen shirt and rolled beige trousers, leather crossbody satchel, contemplating the orange-pink-purple sky, five Anguillian racing sloops Sonia, Sea Spirit, Bonnie's Pride, Liberty and Tradition pulled up on sand, pastel Caribbean village houses with Sandy Ground signage including Southside's Beach Stop, shipwright working on Liberty in the background, two fishermen on the wooden dock, single sailboat on the horizon, frigatebirds in the sky

Sandy Ground · Sunset Among the Sloops

Sandy Ground · Anguilla

Sandy Ground is a single curved bay on the leeward coast of Anguilla, perhaps a kilometre of pale coral sand pressed between the Salt Pond inland and the Caribbean Sea — and it is, in a quiet way, the cultural centre of the island. The racing sloops live here, drawn up on the sand between regattas with their masts unstepped, each named (Sonia, Sea Spirit, Bonnie’s Pride, Liberty, Tradition) and each tended by a hereditary boat-owning family. The shipwrights work on them in plain sight, in open lean-to sheds among the pastel houses, planking and caulking with cedar and oakum exactly as their grandfathers did. On the dock, fishermen mend gear at the end of the day. Walking the beach at sunset alone, with the sky turning the colour of a ripe mango and the wet sand mirroring it back, I had the strange and clarifying thought that I was looking at a complete and self-sufficient civilisation — a fishing village, a boatyard, a national sport, and a sense of identity — fitted onto a single beach. The frigatebirds wheeled overhead, the lights came on in the houses behind me, and somewhere down the strand a single sailboat slipped past the headland and on toward Saint Martin.

Radim Kaufmann standing on the metal walkway at the Garganta del Diablo (Devil's Throat) viewpoint of Iguazu Falls on the Argentine side, wearing a khaki safari shirt with rolled sleeves, leather camera bag over one shoulder, holding a DSLR camera with a telephoto lens, lightly drenched by spray, beside Diego, an Argentine guardaparque from Parque Nacional Iguazú in khaki ranger uniform with embroidered APN logo on the right sleeve, GUARDAPARQUE DIEGO name patch on the chest, leather brimmed park ranger hat, binoculars around his neck, gesturing toward a flock of great dusky swifts flying through the curtain of falling water, the immense U-shaped chasm of the Devil's Throat dropping 82 metres into thunderous mist, a vivid double rainbow arching across the spray, lush subtropical rainforest cliffs above the falls, a South American coati sniffing along the wooden railing in the foreground

Garganta del Diablo · The Devil’s Throat

Parque Nacional Iguazú · Misiones · Argentina

The Iguazu Falls — Cataratas del Iguazú in Spanish, Cataratas do Iguaçu in Portuguese — are not one waterfall but 275, ranged along a 2.7-kilometre horseshoe in the dense subtropical rainforest where Argentina meets Brazil. The chasm at the heart of the system, the Garganta del Diablo, is a U-shaped vertical drop of 82 metres into which roughly half of the river’s volume thunders — a column of water so powerful and so loud that the spray rises hundreds of metres into the rainforest canopy and the noise can be heard from kilometres away. The walkway at its edge, suspended over the abyss on a metal grating, is one of the most physical experiences in world travel: the railing trembles underfoot, the spray drenches you completely, and rainbows materialize and dissolve in seconds in the curtain of mist. Diego, the Argentine guardaparque who walked me out that morning, pointed up to a flock of great dusky swifts — small dark birds that nest behind the curtain of falling water itself, on cliff ledges no predator can ever reach. The swifts fly in and out through the cataracts. Diego asked me, with the patient amusement of someone who has watched ten thousand tourists arrive at this exact moment of bafflement, whether I had ever seen anything more impossible. I had not. I still have not.

Radim Kaufmann sitting at a small wooden table at the Sunday-evening milonga on Plaza Dorrego in San Telmo, Buenos Aires, wearing a charcoal-grey blazer over a crisp white shirt open at the collar, leaning back in his chair with a glass of Catena Malbec, an open Catena bottle and a table-number marker reading 23 PLAZA DORREGO on the wooden table, watching a couple dance tango on the cobblestones: the woman in a red knee-length tango dress executing a gancho in nude stiletto sandals with her partner in a black suit, a full four-piece orquesta típica playing live — piano, violin, double bass, and bandoneón — several more couples dancing on the cobblestones in the warm tungsten light of the plaza, strings of Edison-bulb lights overhead between the pink-and-yellow colonial buildings, La Vieja Rotisería sign on the wall behind the musicians

A San Telmo Milonga · Plaza Dorrego

San Telmo · Buenos Aires · Argentina

A milonga is not a dance lesson and it is not a show. It is the social gathering where tango actually happens: porteños who have been dancing together for thirty or forty years meeting on a Sunday evening at the edge of an old plaza, in the open air, to dance for a couple of hours in a strictly codified order — three tangos, then three valses, then three milongas, then a cortina to clear the floor and start again. The most beautiful milonga in Buenos Aires, by general agreement, is the Sunday-evening one at Plaza Dorrego in San Telmo, the city’s oldest neighborhood. Couples take the cobblestones; an orquesta típica — piano, violin, double bass, and bandoneón — plays under a string of Edison bulbs strung between the balconies of pink-and-yellow colonial buildings; the surrounding cafés serve Malbec to the watching ring of locals, expatriates, and a few respectful tourists. I sat at table 23 with a bottle of Catena and watched, over the course of a single tanda, the precise moment at which the lead’s improvisation passed cleanly into the follow’s response — the moment, as a retired milonguero at the next table put it to me, when the conversation happens. Argentine tango is not danced. It is spoken, with the feet, in two voices, in a language only the two of them know.

Radim Kaufmann ice trekking on the surface of the Perito Moreno glacier in Los Glaciares National Park, Argentine Patagonia, wearing a red-and-black mountaineering shell jacket, dark trekking trousers, orange leather mountaineering boots with full crampons biting into the blue glacial ice, a climbing harness with carabiners, a yellow climbing helmet, blue glacier sunglasses, holding an ice axe staked beside him and a clear tumbler with two cubes of pure glacial ice and a finger of Argentine whisky, smiling, beside Matías, a 50-something Argentine mountain guide from Hielo y Aventura in matching red-and-black shell and white-orange helmet holding his own glass of whisky-on-glacial-ice, both standing at the edge of a brilliant blue crevasse with the immense 5-kilometre-wide vertical front of the Perito Moreno glacier stretching behind them, the brackish Lago Argentino visible in the lower right, the granite spires of the Cordillera de los Andes rising in the distance, brilliant cold Patagonian sunlight

Perito Moreno · Whisky on Six-Hundred-Year-Old Ice

Los Glaciares National Park · Santa Cruz · Argentina

The Perito Moreno is one of the only large glaciers in the world that is not retreating. While ninety percent of Earth’s glaciers are losing mass, this one — fed by the immense Southern Patagonian Ice Field, the third-largest reserve of fresh water on Earth after Antarctica and Greenland — continues to advance at roughly two metres a day. Its 5-kilometre-wide, 70-metre-high front terminates in the brackish waters of Lago Argentino, and every two to four years a spectacular natural event occurs: the glacier advances far enough to dam an arm of the lake, the water level behind the dam rises by several metres over months, the ice eventually fractures from the pressure, and the entire ice arch collapses into the lake in front of thousands of spectators on the opposite shore. Matías, my mountain guide from Hielo y Aventura — the only company licensed to take small groups onto the actual surface of the glacier — has been walking this ice for eighteen years. At the end of the four-hour trek, on a flat shelf above a brilliant cobalt-blue crevasse, he chipped two cubes of glacial ice straight off the wall with the head of his ice axe, dropped them into two tumblers, and poured a precise measure of an Argentine single-malt over each. The ice, compressed for six hundred years, melts very slowly. The whisky, he observed, was excellent. So was the ice. The two had been waiting six centuries to meet.

Radim Kaufmann at an asado dinner in the open Argentine pampa at dusk, sitting on a worn leather camp stool at a long wooden plank table in a soft denim shirt with sleeves rolled to the elbows, a leather camera bag on the back of his chair, holding a glass of Argentine Malbec, smiling, with three Argentine gauchos — Don Eduardo in his 60s with silver-grey hair and a white walrus moustache, Hernán in his 50s with salt-and-pepper hair pouring more Malbec from a hand-blown decanter, and Joaquín in his 40s laughing — all three in classic gaucho attire of black flat-brimmed gaucho hats with chin straps, white shirts with rolled sleeves, dark wool ponchos over one shoulder, wide red-and-black faja sashes, ornate silver-handled facón knives in leather sheaths, baggy bombacha trousers tucked into tall black leather boots, the asado fire pit beside them with a whole side of beef ribs and tira de asado spit-roasting on iron crosses over glowing quebracho embers, on the table chimichurri in a clay bowl and crusty bread and a hand-painted platter of provoleta and a wide straw basket of empanadas, three white Criollo horses grazing in the middle distance, a half-moon already visible in the lavender sunset sky, two oil hurricane lanterns hanging from a wooden frame

Asado in the Pampa

Buenos Aires Province · Argentina

The asado is not a meal. It is a four-hour social ritual that happens to involve enormous quantities of beef. The fire is lit two hours before anyone eats; the wood — ideally quebracho, the densest hardwood of the South American plains — burns down to a deep bed of glowing embers before the meat goes anywhere near it. The cuts go on in a strict order: chorizo and morcilla sausages first, then provoleta cheese on the parrilla, then ribs and tira de asado on crossed iron crucifixes tilted toward the embers, then the larger cuts of vacío and matambre. Chimichurri is mixed an hour ahead and never refrigerated. Malbec is poured generously and almost continuously. The conversation is the point. The meat is the occasion. I was lucky enough to be invited to an asado in the pampa proper — roughly two hundred kilometres south of Buenos Aires, on a small ranch belonging to Don Eduardo, a third-generation gaucho who told me, between cuts of perfectly rendered beef rib, that the proper length of an asado is “the length of the longest story anybody at the table still has to tell.” Hernán, his neighbor, and Joaquín, his godson, were both there, both in the full gaucho rig of poncho, faja sash, facón knife, and tall riding boots, both telling stories about their fathers and grandfathers and the horses they had ridden together across these plains for the better part of a century. I have been to dinners in forty-seven countries. None of them was anything like this one.

Radim Kaufmann standing barefoot in the fine white powdery coral sand on Eagle Beach in Aruba beside the famous wind-bent fofoti tree Conocarpus erectus whose bare grey trunk and ribbed branches have been sculpted by a lifetime of constant easterly trade winds into the iconic asymmetric westward-leaning silhouette, wearing a faded light-khaki safari shirt rolled to the elbows over a white t-shirt and tan linen trousers cuffed at the calf, his brown leather camera bag slung across his shoulder holding a DSLR, smiling warmly beside Eddy a 50-something Aruban fisherman of Caquetío-Spanish-Dutch heritage with warm brown skin and salt-and-pepper short curly hair in a faded sky-blue cotton polo and worn khaki shorts and flip-flops holding up a freshly caught Caribbean red snapper with both hands, a small traditional Aruban wooden fishing boat painted faded turquoise and red with the name MI DUSHI hand-painted in white letters on the bow alongside the Aruban flag pulled up on the sand behind them, the glass-still turquoise and aquamarine Caribbean Sea stretching to the horizon, two more squat fofoti and divi-divi trees down the beach, two brown pelicans gliding in formation overhead, deep cobalt sky with high cumulus clouds

Eagle Beach & the Fofoti Tree

Eagle Beach · Aruba

Aruba is the desert Caribbean. Twenty-nine kilometres long, sitting just nineteen kilometres off the Venezuelan coast and entirely outside the Atlantic hurricane belt, the island gets less than half a metre of rain a year — enough to support divi-divi trees, fofoti trees, organ-pipe cactus, and very little else. What it has in abundance is white sand, blue water, year-round trade winds from the east at fifteen knots, and the kind of consistent sunshine that has made it the most-returned-to destination in the Caribbean for North American visitors. The fofoti tree behind us — Conocarpus erectus — is Aruba’s national symbol. The constant wind has bent every fofoti and every divi-divi on the island into the same westward lean. They look intentional. They are not. They are simply trees that have spent every day of their lives being pushed in the same direction by the same wind. Eddy, my host that morning, is a third-generation fisherman from Savaneta on the south coast. He runs his small wooden boat Mi Dushi — Papiamento for "my sweetheart" — out before dawn and back by ten, working the reef for red snapper, mahi-mahi, and the small Caribbean spiny lobster that the Aruban kitchen turns into the island’s best dishes. He told me, with the kind of smile and shrug that I have only ever seen on people who live close to the ocean, that the secret of a good day in Aruba is to be on the water before the wind picks up, and on the sand before the sun is too high.

Radim Kaufmann sitting on the dark volcanic basalt rim of Conchi Natural Pool inside Arikok National Park on the wild north coast of Aruba in a faded olive quick-dry hiking shirt, grey t-shirt and dark khaki swim shorts, brown sport sandals, his brown leather camera bag beside him on a slab of basalt, a blue snorkel mask hanging on his chest, holding a DSLR, beside Glenda a 40-something Aruban park ranger of Caquetío-Spanish-Dutch heritage with a low ponytail wearing the official Parke Nacional Arikok uniform with the Arikok cactus-and-divi-divi logo patch on the right sleeve and the Aruban flag patch on the left chest and a two-way radio clipped to her belt holding her wide-brimmed ranger hat in her hand pointing into the crystal-clear turquoise water of the near-perfect circular wave-carved pool where a single green sea turtle drifts along the sandy bottom, the open Atlantic crashing in three-metre white spray against the outer ring of dark ribbed volcanic basalt while the interior of the pool stays mirror-still, a red mud-spattered Jeep Wrangler with FPNA Arikok markings parked on the dirt track behind, organ-pipe cactus and westward-leaning divi-divi trees on the upper terraces, a yellow-and-blue-green Aruban whiptail lizard endemic Cnemidophorus arubensis basking on a foreground rock, a magnificent frigatebird with deeply forked tail soaring overhead, deep cobalt trade-wind sky

Conchi Natural Pool — Arikok National Park

North Coast · Arikok · Aruba

Conchi — also called Cura di Tortuga, “the turtle’s pen” — is a near-perfect circular pool of crystal-clear turquoise water cut into the wild Atlantic coast of Aruba, sheltered by a natural ring of volcanic rock that has been sculpted into ribbed, almost lunar formations by ten million years of waves. On the outside of the ring, the open Atlantic crashes against the rocks in three-metre spray. On the inside, the water is glass. Reaching the pool requires either a 4x4 across an hour of rough unpaved track through the cactus interior of Arikok National Park, a horse, or a four-mile hike under a sun that does not negotiate. The park covers roughly 18 percent of the island — a deliberate, hard-fought conservation choice in a country whose economy runs on resort tourism — and protects the last remaining wilderness of the Caribbean’s desert outpost: organ-pipe cactus, divi-divi trees, the endemic Aruban whiptail lizard, ancient Caquetío Amerindian rock paintings, and a small handful of green sea turtles that drift in through gaps in the rocks at high tide and rest in the pool until the next current turns. Glenda, the ranger who took me out that morning in her department Jeep, told me there are days when she counts twelve turtles inside Conchi. The day we went there was one. I went into the water with the snorkel and stayed an hour. She politely declined to join me. Park rangers, she said, work for the turtles, not with them.

Radim Kaufmann on Wilhelminastraat in central Oranjestad the capital of Aruba in a sky-blue linen shirt over a white t-shirt with cream chinos and tan loafers his brown leather camera bag slung across his shoulder beside Marisela a 50-something Aruban shopkeeper of Caquetío-Dutch heritage with warm brown skin and dark wavy hair in a loose bun with a white frangipani flower behind her ear wearing a vibrant turquoise-and-coral batik sleeveless dress with a tiered hem and a silver divi-divi tree pendant holding in both hands a small terracotta bowl of pale-green fresh aloe vera gel — Aruba's historical export crop — in front of her immaculately restored salmon-pink Dutch colonial gabled merchant house with crow-stepped roofline and crisp white trim, the hand-painted wooden sign BOTICA DI ARUBA · ALOE · ARTE · PAPIAMENTO above the door with the Aruban flag, Papiamento posters MI TIERRA MI IDIOMA MI ORGULLO and DUSHI ARUBA in the window alongside stacked artisanal aloe soaps and a hand-painted ceramic divi-divi tree, the bilingual street sign Wilhelminastraat · Caya Wilhelmina on a cast-iron pole, a mustard-yellow Dutch colonial building with green shutters next door, magenta bougainvillea climbing the wall, an Aruban woman pushing a wicker stroller in the distance and a couple looking in a shop window further down, deep cobalt sky over the gables

Wilhelminastraat & Botica di Aruba

Oranjestad · Aruba

Oranjestad — “Orange Town,” named after Holland’s House of Orange-Nassau in 1824 — is one of the most cheerfully painted small capitals on Earth. A few blocks of Dutch colonial merchant houses with crow-stepped gables along Wilhelminastraat and Caya G.F. Betico Croes, each one painted in a different sherbet pastel (salmon, mustard, aquamarine, mint, lilac), the whole row maintained with the kind of municipal fastidiousness that the Dutch still export to their constituent countries. Aruba has spoken four languages in daily rotation for two centuries: Papiamento (the Creole that arose from Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, and West African Bantu and is now the island’s most-used language), Dutch (the constitutional language of the Kingdom), Spanish (Venezuela is nineteen kilometres away), and English (the tourists are everywhere). Children are schooled in all four. Street signs are bilingual. Most shopkeepers will greet you in three of the four before settling on whichever one you answered in. Marisela runs a small Botica di Aruba on Wilhelminastraat selling artisanal aloe products — Aruba’s historical export crop, cultivated on the island since the Dutch West India Company planted the first commercial fields here in 1840, and still the source of one of the most medicinally potent strains of Aloe vera barbadensis miller in the world. The aloe in the bowl she handed me was harvested by her brother that morning in Hato. Apply it, she said, on any sun you have not yet got but plan to.

Radim Kaufmann sitting in a low natural-wood beach lounger with a cream cushion on the soft white powdery coral sand of Eagle Beach in Aruba at golden hour just before sunset in a crisp white linen shirt unbuttoned with sleeves rolled and cuffed cream linen trousers barefoot, his brown leather camera bag resting on the sand beside the chair, beside Sofia a 50-something Aruban friend of Caquetío-Spanish-Dutch heritage with warm brown skin and glossy dark wavy hair loose to her shoulders with a single white frangipani flower tucked behind one ear in a flowing pale-coral linen sundress with thin shoulder straps holding her own salt-rimmed classic margarita coupe with a lime wedge balanced on the rim, on a small low weathered-driftwood side table between their loungers two classic margarita coupes and a small clay ashtray with a lit Cohiba Robusto cigar and a folded copy of the local Papiamento newspaper Diario di Aruba anchored by a weathered conch shell, the Caribbean Sea behind them turning a soft peach-pink-coral as the sun is low on the horizon, a single small wooden sailboat anchored several hundred metres offshore, the famous Eagle Beach fofoti tree Conocarpus erectus silhouetted on the right edge of frame its westward-leaning trunk picked out as a dark cut-out against the sunset sky, a single brown pelican standing on the sand near the surf line, a small Aruban flag on a slim wooden pole pushed into the sand a few metres behind the loungers, white-foamed wavelets meeting the powdery shore, peach-to-lavender Aruban sunset sky

Sunset & Margaritas on Eagle Beach

Eagle Beach · Aruba

Aruba is famous for its sunsets. It sits twelve degrees north of the equator in the southern Caribbean, just outside the hurricane belt, with year-round low humidity — less than half a metre of rain a year — constant easterly trade winds that scrub the atmosphere clean, and a sun that drops out of a perfectly clear sky into the Caribbean Sea every day of the year. The combination produces sunsets of such consistency and intensity that they have become a tourism category of their own. Local restaurants advertise “sunset menus.” Hotels charge premium for sunset-facing rooms. The island’s tourism board markets “Aruban Sunset Cruises” as a primary attraction. Even the locals — who have watched this happen approximately every evening of their lives — still pause mid-conversation when the sky turns coral. Sofia, who has lived on Aruba for fifty-three years, says the proper way to receive an Aruban sunset is not photographically. You sit. You stop talking. You let the colour happen to you. A margarita, a Cohiba, the surf, the slow march of pink-into-violet across the sky, and the kind of quiet that the modern world has nearly forgotten how to produce. We watched it together with very little to say. Some days, the trip gives you what you came for.

Radim Kaufmann crouched inside the cool shaded chamber of a natural rock shelter at the Ayo Rock Formation in the central interior of Aruba beneath a massive overhang of pale granitic-tonalite boulder in a faded khaki safari shirt and olive trousers with a wide-brimmed straw sun hat hanging on his back his DSLR camera and brown leather camera bag beside him taking notes in a leather-bound field notebook with a fountain pen, beside Dr. Augusto Croes a distinguished 60-something Aruban anthropologist of Caquetío-Spanish heritage with silver-grey hair and a neat grey beard in a tan field shirt with the NAMA Museo Arqueológico Nacional Aruba patch on his chest and a small Aruban flag pin on his collar holding a slim LED flashlight casting an oblique warm beam across a panel of ancient Caquetío Amerindian pictographs on the curved rock wall — two sun-disk symbols with concentric circles and radial rays, a row of stick-figure human forms with raised arms, and zigzag abstract patterns drawn in deep red-ochre and dark-brown iron-oxide pigment approximately AD 1000-1500, Dr. Croes pointing explanatorily toward the larger sun-disk, a 30cm yellow-and-black photo-scale archaeological ruler and a folded laminated AYO ROCK PAINTINGS · CAQUETÍO HERITAGE SITE card with the Aruban flag laid on a flat stone, a yellow-and-blue-green endemic Aruban whiptail lizard Cnemidophorus arubensis basking on a sun-warmed rock at the chamber opening, organ-pipe cactus and westward-leaning divi-divi trees visible in the bright desert exterior, deep cobalt sky

Caquetío Pictographs at Ayo Rock

Ayo Rock Formation · Aruba

Long before any European map carried the word “Aruba” — about a millennium before, in fact — the people who lived here were Caquetío. They arrived from the Venezuelan mainland around AD 1000 as part of the great Arawak migrations that populated the entire Caribbean, displacing the earlier pre-ceramic peoples. They were fishermen, farmers of cassava and maize, skilled potters; their language, related to other Arawakan tongues, was the source of words that survive in modern Aruban Papiamento — including, the linguists say, the word ARUBA itself, which probably derives from Caquetío oibubai, meaning roughly “guide” or “companion.” They lived undisturbed on this island for five hundred years. Then, in 1499, the Spanish navigator Alonso de Ojeda sailed past with Amerigo Vespucci on board, claimed the island for the Crown of Castile, and within a generation most of the Caquetío had been deported to Hispaniola as slave labour. The few who remained were absorbed, over the next four centuries of colonial rule, into what became the modern Aruban population — where their DNA still lives in roughly half of all native Arubans, and their bloodline shows quietly in the dark eyes and high cheekbones of the people you meet in the cunucu countryside. What they left behind, etched in red ochre and dark iron oxide onto the pale granitic boulders of Ayo and Casibari and the deep cool walls of Fontein Cave, are about four hundred pictographs: sun-disks, stick figures, concentric circles, zigzags. Dr. Augusto Croes of the National Archaeological Museum took me into the chamber at Ayo with a flashlight and a thirty-centimetre ruler. I asked him whether the modern Aruban government did enough to protect these sites. He looked at the pictographs for a moment, then at me, and said quietly: “We do what we can. They are old. They were here long before us. They will, with luck, be here long after.”

🌏  Asia & Middle East12 photos · 7 countries

Radim Kaufmann at the Taj Mahal with an Indian female friend in an emerald-green embroidered kurta, both holding halved Alphonso mangoes dusted with chaat masala, the white marble mausoleum and reflecting pool behind them

The Taj Mahal · with mango and a friend

Agra · India

A friend from Delhi met us in Agra and brought the mangoes — Alphonsos in season, halved, dusted with chaat masala. There’s a strict scoring system for Indian mangoes; she explained the politics of it (Alphonso from Maharashtra versus Kesar from Gujarat versus Dasheri from UP) with the seriousness Europeans reserve for first-growth Bordeaux. The Taj behind us was beautiful. The mango, that afternoon, was the conversation.

Radim Kaufmann at the empty niche of the Great Buddha of Bamyan in Afghanistan, with a Hazara cultural guide in a pakol cap holding a printed scale diagram of the original 55m and 37m Buddha statues, the immense empty trapezoidal niche carved into the honeycombed sandstone cliff face dominating behind them, both standing in respectful quiet contemplation

Bamyan · the Shape of an Absence

Bamyan Valley · Afghanistan

Two colossal Buddhas — 55 and 38 metres — were carved into these cliffs in the 6th century, the largest standing Buddhas in the world for almost fifteen hundred years. The Silk Road passed through this valley; Chinese pilgrims came to see them; the monk Xuanzang described them in the 7th century. In March 2001 the Taliban destroyed both with explosives over twenty-five days. What remains is the niche itself — a vast trapezoidal void cut into the cliff, still bearing the outline of where the robes were carved. Standing in front of it with my guide Hassan, I understood, finally, what the word absence can mean. A photograph cannot capture it. A statue could not either. The niche, it turns out, is the most eloquent thing of all.

Radim Kaufmann on the sidelines of a Buzkashi match on the dusty plains north of Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan, with three Uzbek-Afghan friends in striped quilted chapan robes and embroidered doppi skullcaps holding small enamelled tea cups, four chapandazan riders thundering past in clouds of dust as one rider leans low from the saddle reaching for the boz, snow-capped Hindu Kush on the horizon

Buzkashi · with Three Uzbek Friends

North of Mazar-i-Sharif · Afghanistan

Buzkashi — literally "goat-grabbing" — is to Central Asia what cricket is to South Asia or jousting was to medieval Europe: the sport that defines a people. Two teams of riders compete to grab a headless goat or calf carcass and carry it to a chalk circle. The matches are chaotic, fast, brutally physical. The riders, the chapandazan, train for years; the horses are bred for the sport; the best matches happen on Fridays during the cool half of the year on the plains north of Mazar. I watched my first match in the company of three Uzbek-Afghan friends, locals from the village whose hospitality was so excessive as to be embarrassing. They handed me a cup of green tea from a battered thermos before I could ask, explained which rider belonged to which team, and laughed at the right moments. The match lasted ninety minutes; the dust never settled; by the end I could not have told you which side won, only that I had been welcomed into something larger than myself.

Radim Kaufmann on a restored section of the Great Wall of China, with stone watchtowers and a long zigzag of ramparts ascending forested ridges in the distance

The Great Wall

Beijing · China

What’s called “The Great Wall” is really a network of walls, built and rebuilt over twenty-three centuries — Qin, Han, Sui, Jin, and most prominently Ming. Total length, depending on how you count, is somewhere between 8,000 and 21,000 kilometres. The section at Mutianyu, north of Beijing, was restored by the Ming in the 1400s and again by the PRC in the 1980s. You can walk for hours on it. It’s still a serious hike.

Radim Kaufmann standing before the Great Buddha of Kamakura at Kōtoku-in Temple, with the seated bronze Amida Buddha and lotus-shaped bronze lanterns behind him

The Great Buddha · Kōtoku-in Temple

Kamakura · Japan

The Daibutsu is 13.35 metres of bronze cast in 1252, originally housed in a wooden temple hall that was destroyed by a tsunami in 1498 — and the Buddha has been sitting outdoors ever since. He represents Amida, the Buddha of the Pure Land. The lotus-shaped bronze lanterns to either side were added much later. Standing in front of him I thought, briefly, about how few things last 770 years. He didn’t seem worried about it.

Radim Kaufmann at the courtyard of the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque in Abu Dhabi, with white marble domes and arches in the background

Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque · Courtyard

Abu Dhabi · UAE

The mosque was commissioned in the 1990s by the founding president of the UAE, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, who is buried in its grounds. It opened in 2007. The main courtyard is 17,000 square metres of inlaid white marble laid with floral patterns in semi-precious stones — lapis, mother-of-pearl, jasper, red agate. The whole compound holds 40,000 worshippers. Architecturally it’s a synthesis of Mughal, Moorish, and Egyptian Mamluk traditions, executed at a scale where craft tips into spectacle.

Radim Kaufmann in the colonnade of the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque in Abu Dhabi, with floral inlaid marble columns and golden palm-leaf capitals

Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque · Colonnade

Abu Dhabi · UAE

The colonnades that frame the courtyard contain 1,096 columns inlaid with floral marquetry, each capped by a gilded date-palm capital. The inlay pattern runs continuous across the whole arcade — you can walk a kilometre under these arches and never see the same flower twice. Thirty-eight contracting companies and three thousand workers built it. I found the maths of the project almost more impressive than its visual effect; the visual effect, meanwhile, was doing fine on its own.

Radim Kaufmann on the Western Wall plaza in the Old City of Jerusalem, wearing a black kippah, with the ancient honey-coloured limestone blocks of the Wall behind him, the golden Dome of the Rock visible above, and Orthodox worshippers at the Wall in the background

The Western Wall & Dome of the Rock

Old City · Jerusalem · Israel

The Western Wall is the surviving retaining wall of the platform Herod the Great built around 19 BCE to expand the Second Temple. The Dome of the Rock, gold-leafed, was completed by the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik in 691 CE — the third-holiest site in Islam — built directly on top of the platform Herod made. Three traditions, all claiming the same hill. Standing in the plaza with a kippah on, you can feel the layered weight of it without committing to any one reading. Few places on Earth ask more from their visitors than this one. None ask quite the same things.

Radim Kaufmann on the terrace of Khor Virap Monastery in southern Armenia in early morning light, wearing a soft grey wool sweater over a white collared shirt and dark trousers, his leather camera bag over his shoulder, holding a DSLR camera, beside Father Tigran, a 50-something Armenian Apostolic priest in full black cassock with the pointed vardapet's hood embroidered with a small cross, salt-and-pepper beard, ornate Armenian silverwork pectoral cross on a heavy chain, smiling and pointing toward the snow-capped twin peaks of Mount Ararat — Masis and the smaller Sis — rising in perfect clarity above the monastery walls in the background, the dark basalt 17th-century walls of the Khor Virap fortress-monastery and its conical-domed church in the foreground, the wide green Ararat Plain stretching between them and the mountain, a grove of flowering apricot trees just below the monastery walls, an Armenian red-blue-orange tricolour flag snapping in the morning breeze on a slim pole

Khor Virap & Mount Ararat

Ararat Province · Armenia

Khor Virap — Armenian for “the Deep Dungeon” — is the monastery built on the spot where, in the year 287 AD, the Armenian king Tiridates III imprisoned Saint Gregory the Illuminator in an underground pit, 6 metres deep, for thirteen years. Gregory survived. When he was finally brought back to the surface, he converted Tiridates and the entire Armenian nation to Christianity in 301 AD — making Armenia the first country on Earth to adopt Christianity as a state religion, a full twelve years before Constantine even legalized it in Rome. The monastery on the spot, in its current 17th-century form, sits on a basalt hill on the floor of the Ararat Plain about 8 kilometres from the closed border with Turkey. And directly behind it, framed exactly as if by deliberate composition of the landscape itself, rises Mount Ararat — the 5,137-metre twin-peaked volcano that is the spiritual mountain of the Armenian people and the mountain on which Noah’s Ark, according to the Book of Genesis, came to rest after the Flood. Father Tigran, who walked the monastery walls with me at dawn, told me, very quietly, that the strangest thing about being an Armenian is that the most important mountain of your civilization is something you can see every day but cannot cross to. You learn to make peace with that. Or you don’t.

Radim Kaufmann on the clifftop terrace of Sevanavank Monastery on the Sevan Peninsula in Armenia at 1900 metres above sea level, wearing his charcoal-grey wool sweater over a white collared shirt and dark olive trousers, his brown leather camera bag across his chest, holding a DSLR camera with telephoto lens, beside Vahan, a 50-something Armenian local guide with a salt-and-pepper beard in a forest-green fleece jacket and faded jeans gesturing toward the two surviving 9th-century churches of Surb Astvatsatsin and Surb Arakelots in dark tufa stone with their iconic pyramidal cupolas, two intricately carved khachkar cross-stones in reddish-brown tufa rising from the rocky ground in the foreground ornamented with interlaced crosses and pomegranate motifs, the cobalt-blue expanse of Lake Sevan stretching to the snow-streaked Geghama mountain range on the far shore, a single small white fishing boat far below on the lake, thin crystalline high-altitude light, a sky of wispy cirrus

Sevanavank & Lake Sevan

Gegharkunik Province · Armenia

Sevanavank — the “Monastery of Sevan” — perches 1,900 metres above sea level on what was once an island in the largest lake of the Caucasus. The two surviving churches were founded in 874 AD by Princess Mariam, daughter of King Ashot I Bagratuni, as penance for an Armenian victory over Arab forces; for the better part of a thousand years monks lived here in deliberate isolation, reachable only by boat. Then in the 1930s Soviet engineers drained twenty metres off Lake Sevan to feed irrigation canals on the Ararat Plain, and the island slowly became a peninsula. What the receding waters revealed was always there: khachkars — “cross-stones” — carved with interlaced crosses and pomegranate vines, watching over a lake so blue it seems borrowed from a deeper sky. Vahan, a son of the Sevan shore who guided me up the steps that morning, told me the trout here is called ishkhan, which in Armenian means “the prince,” and that in the old times it was carried fresh on horseback all the way to the courts of Persia. We stood for a long time without saying anything. The lake does that to people.

Radim Kaufmann crouching inside the Areni-1 Cave in the Vayots Dzor canyon of southern Armenia, wearing a faded denim shirt rolled to the elbows over a grey t-shirt, dark canvas trousers, sturdy brown leather field boots, and a yellow Petzl hardhat with headlamp lit, his brown leather camera bag across his shoulder and a Canon DSLR with red-ring lens in his hand, beside Dr. Anahit Sargsyan, a 50-something Armenian archaeologist with salt-and-pepper hair wearing a khaki field shirt with a small embroidered NAS RA patch from the Institute of Archaeology and her own hardhat with headlamp, both examining the 6,100-year-old grape press — a shallow rectangular trodden floor cut into the cave's bedrock with a clay karas fermentation vat sunk into the floor beside it, dated by radiocarbon to approximately 4100 BC, the oldest known winery on Earth; numbered excavation grid markers 23 and 24 on the cave walls, a folding camp table with handwritten field notes on a clipboard and rows of trowels and soft brushes, a single dark bottle of modern Armenian Trinity Canyon Vineyards Areyi 2018 wine placed respectfully on a flat rock beside a small Armenian tricolour flag on a brass stand, the red-ochre cliffs of the Arpa River canyon and a green vineyard on the opposite slope visible through the cave mouth in golden midday light

Areni-1 Cave — Oldest Winery on Earth

Vayots Dzor Province · Armenia

Areni-1 — known to archaeologists simply as “the Bird’s Cave” — is the oldest known winery on Earth. In 2010, a team led by Boris Gasparyan of the Armenian Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, alongside colleagues from UCLA and University College Cork, published their carbon-dated finding: a complete wine-making complex sealed beneath cave-floor sediments since around 4100 BC. A shallow stone basin where grapes were trodden by foot. A clay karas vat below, where the must fermented. Drinking cups. Grape seeds. Even desiccated grape skins of Vitis vinifera — the very same species that fills the glass tonight. The same cave also yielded, in a separate chamber, the oldest leather shoe ever found (3,500 BC) and dozens of ritually placed human skulls. The Vayots Dzor canyon was apparently doing a lot of things very early. Dr. Anahit, who walked me through the excavation with her headlamp tracing each numbered grid square, said that what surprises people most is not that Armenians were making wine six thousand years ago. It is that they have, in essentially the same valley, never stopped.

Radim Kaufmann at a rooftop khorovats dinner in central Yerevan at golden hour, wearing a faded denim shirt over a white t-shirt with his charcoal-grey blazer draped on the chair behind him, raising a glass of Areni Noir red wine in a toast, beside three Armenian friends — Hovhannes the 60-something host in an open-collar white linen shirt laughing, his wife Lilit in a deep-claret blouse with a silver khachkar pendant pouring wine from a hand-blown decanter, and Karen a 40-something friend in a slate-grey henley returning the toast — the long wooden plank table laden with steaming charcoal-grilled pork tenderloin and lamb skewers, a basket of fresh-baked lavash, a wooden board of fresh tarragon basil dill parsley and spring onions, a bowl of bright ruby pomegranate arils, a dish of achichuk grilled-tomato-and-pepper salad, brined cheese and olives, a half-full bottle of Areni Noir wine, a small candle in a glass holder, a hand-embroidered Caucasian kilim runner with tassels, an Armenian tricolour flag and a wooden duduk on the table, a string of bare-bulb fairy lights overhead, the pink-tuff buildings of central Yerevan with the columns of the National Theatre visible behind, the perfect twin snow-capped silhouette of Mount Ararat — Masis and Sis — lit pink by the sunset on the far horizon

Khorovats on a Yerevan Rooftop

Yerevan · Armenia

Khorovats — Armenian charcoal-grilled meat — is not really about the meat. It is about the table. The host that evening was Hovhannes, sixty-something with a salt-and-pepper beard and the elaborate hospitality you find everywhere east of the Bosphorus and increasingly nowhere west of it: a man who has decided the proper conclusion to a Saturday is to feed eight people for four hours on a Yerevan rooftop and refuse all assistance, in any form, from any of them. His wife Lilit poured. His friend Karen returned every toast. The lavash had been baked that morning in a clay tonir oven by his sister-in-law in the village. The tarragon and the basil and the dill had been picked from a balcony pot at the back of the building. The wine was an Areni Noir; the silver pendant Lilit wore was a tiny khachkar. Beyond the table, the pink-tuff buildings of central Yerevan caught the last of the day, and on the far horizon — sixty kilometres south, in territory no Armenian has freely walked since 1915 — the twin peaks of Mount Ararat lit up in the soft pink that Armenian painters have spent a thousand years trying to render. Hovhannes raised his glass for the last toast of the evening and said, in the formula that closes every Armenian dinner: “Կենացդ” — Kenats’d — “to your life, and to your living of it.”

Radim Kaufmann in a faded indigo denim shirt sitting at a low carved wooden table in the warmly lit stone-vaulted interior of a traditional Azerbaijani cay evi tea house in the Icherisheher Old City of Baku, opposite Rauf Quliyev a retired Azerbaijani newspaper reporter in his early sixties in a grey wool flat cap and charcoal waistcoat over a white shirt with a neatly trimmed full white moustache, holding his armudu pear-shaped tea glass correctly by its narrow waist between thumb and forefinger, a large ornate brass samovar steaming on the right with a blue-and-white porcelain teapot resting on its warming crown, the long carved table covered with armudu glasses of amber-black tea and porcelain bowls of homemade quince preserve and walnut preserve and a small dish of lemon wedges and roasted hazelnuts and sugar cubes and a board of thin-cut sweet pastries, a dark Lenkeran tea tin with Azerbaijani script, two pendant brass lanterns of pierced metal casting warm patterned light from a low groin-vaulted ceiling of sand-honey limestone, an old framed black-and-white photograph of the Maiden Tower on the wall behind Rauf, two older men in waistcoats playing nard backgammon at a separate small table in the soft golden bokeh through a vaulted archway behind, a deep crimson Karabakh kilim cushion and runner, a small high arched window letting in cool indirect daylight from the left, warm afternoon interior light

A Çay Evi in the Old City

Baku · Azerbaijan

An Azerbaijani çay evi — literally a “tea house” — is one of those institutions that does not so much serve tea as it serves a particular pace of being alive. There is no menu. The tea is brought continuously in small pear-shaped armudu glasses, by the waist, never by the body or the rim, accompanied by homemade preserves (quince, walnut, sour cherry, watermelon-rind) eaten by the small spoonful between sips, a small dish of sugar cubes to clamp between the front teeth, fresh lemon wedges, a bowl of roasted hazelnuts, a board of thin pastries. There is a brass samovar. There are always older men. There is always nard. There is no rush. Rauf Quliyev — for forty-one years a reporter for the daily Azərbaycan, now a retiree who has been a regular at this particular tea house for “longer than the current government has been a government” — picks up his glass by its narrow waist and tips it gently toward the lamp to show me the colour. “Always by the waist,” he says. “Never the rim, never the body. You will burn your fingers, you will spill your tea, you will look like a foreigner. Three failures at once.” He sips, sets the glass down, takes a small cube of sugar between his front teeth and sips again through it. “The form of this glass is not decoration. It is mathematics. The narrow waist keeps the heat in the body of the glass and lets the rim cool, so the first sip is exactly the right temperature.” He nods at the samovar between us. “The samovar is Russian. The tea is Indian and Sri Lankan. The glass is Azerbaijani. The conversation is whichever language the people speaking it have in common. This is also Azerbaijan.” Behind us, two retirees lean over a nard board and one of them gives a small theatrical groan; the other one laughs without looking up.

Radim Kaufmann on horseback in a high alpine meadow of Sahdag National Park in the Greater Caucasus mountains of northern Azerbaijan in early July at approximately 2,400 metres, mounted on a chestnut Karabakh horse the Azerbaijani national breed with its characteristic golden metallic sheen on the coat and a small white star on the forehead and a traditional crimson-and-indigo Karabakh kilim saddle-blanket underneath a tooled dark-brown leather working saddle with silver concho fittings, wearing an olive-green technical waterproof riding jacket unzipped over a charcoal merino sweater and a light-tan canvas Akubra-style bush hat and a small dark navy bandana loosely at his neck and his brown leather camera bag worn cross-body with a 70-200mm telephoto lens secured at his side, riding alongside Murad Alxasov an Azerbaijani Caucasian highlander in his early fifties of weathered olive-tan complexion deeply tanned and lined from decades of mountain sun with a neatly trimmed full dark moustache going grey at the edges, in a tall traditional black sheepskin papaq fur hat and a long dark grey wool cuxa coat with vertical rows of decorative gazyr cartridge-loops across the chest belted with a tooled leather belt, gesturing across the meadow toward the distant shark-tooth summit of Mount Sahdag at 4,243 metres standing brilliant white against deep cobalt sky on the right of frame, the alpine meadow stretching across the foreground in full early-July bloom carpeted with yellow buttercup and white edelweiss and pale-blue forget-me-not and magenta alpine pink and deep-purple Caucasian gentian, the stone houses of Xinaliq village just visible in the fold of a ridge to the left, layered snow-capped Caucasus ranges receding into atmospheric blue distance, two golden eagles soaring on a thermal high above the middle range

On Horseback above Xınalıq

Şahdağ National Park · Azerbaijan

There is a moment, on the upper trail above the village of Xınalıq in the Greater Caucasus of northern Azerbaijan, when the ridgeline opens out and Mount Şahdağ — four thousand two hundred and forty-three metres, the second-highest peak in the country — suddenly stands directly in front of you across a kilometre of alpine meadow, brilliant white against the cobalt sky, and the horse you are sitting on stops by itself, without being asked, because every horse on this trail stops by itself at this exact corner, because they have been doing this for at least a thousand years and they know perfectly well what the view is for. Murad Alxasov rides on my right and points across the meadow at the great white shark-tooth of Şahdağ. “My mother was born in that village down there in 1947,” he says, indicating with his chin the small fold of stone houses just visible behind us. “She speaks four languages — Khinalig, which is our language and ours alone, Azerbaijani, Russian, and a little Persian. Khinalig is spoken by approximately two thousand people on earth, all of us within walking distance of that house.” A small wind moves across the meadow and the wildflowers tremble. “Until 2006 there was no road up to the village. Everything came by horse — flour, salt, kerosene, schoolbooks, brides, doctors, the dead. The road was the most significant event of the twentieth century for us, after the war and the famine. We are still arguing about whether it was a good thing.” He smiles. “I think it was. My uncles think it was not.” His Karabakh mare snorts gently and shakes her head. “These horses also have an opinion,” Murad says. “They liked it better before the road. They had more work.”

🏝️  Oceania & Pacific8 photos · 3 countries

Radim Kaufmann at Sydney Opera House with two Australian friends, all holding takeaway coffee cups, the iconic white-shell sails behind them and a Sydney ferry passing in the harbour

Sydney Opera House

Sydney · Australia

Jørn Utzon won the design competition in 1957, expected the project to take four years, and watched it stretch to fourteen — over budget, behind schedule, and so politically toxic he resigned in 1966 and never returned to Australia. The roof shells are sections of a single virtual sphere, a geometric solution Utzon arrived at while peeling an orange. The Opera House opened in 1973 without him. He was reinstated, in absentia, as the building’s official architect in 1999. The world eventually catches up.

Radim Kaufmann at the Mutitjulu viewing area facing Uluru the great 348-metre red arkose sandstone monolith in the central Australian outback at sunset wearing a faded khaki safari shirt and Akubra-style bush hat with his DSLR camera lowered respectfully and his brown leather camera bag slung across his shoulder, beside William Tjapaltjarri a 60-something Anangu Pitjantjatjara cultural guide with dark brown skin snow-white hair and a full white beard wearing an olive Anangu Tours field shirt with a small embroidered patch reading ANANGU TOURS · ULURU-KATA TJUTA NATIONAL PARK on the chest and a small Australian Aboriginal flag pin on the band of his black bush hat holding a carved Pitjantjatjara wooden hunting club nullah-nullah under his arm gesturing contemplatively toward Uluru mid-explanation, Uluru itself rising abruptly from the flat desert plain its weathered vertical-ribbed surface turning the famous fiery crimson-orange-red as the low sun catches the arkose sandstone, the smaller domed peaks of Kata Tjuta visible 25km away on the western horizon, rust-red desert sand with clumps of Spinifex grass and a low mulga acacia in the foreground, a small respectful information sign reading PLEASE DO NOT PHOTOGRAPH SACRED SITES — RESPECT TJUKURPA with the Anangu Cultural Tours sun-disk logo, two black-faced wood swallows gliding overhead, deep cobalt to peach Australian outback sunset sky

Uluru at Sunset

Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park · Australia

Uluru is 348 metres high, 9.4 kilometres in circumference, an estimated 550 million years old, and almost entirely underground. What you see is the tip of an enormous arkose sandstone formation that extends approximately 2.5 kilometres beneath the surface; iron oxidation gives it the red; differential erosion gives it the vertical ribbing. But the geology is the smallest part of the story. To the Anangu — the Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara peoples whose ancestors have lived in this country for at least 60,000 years, the oldest continuous human culture on Earth — Uluru is the physical record of Tjukurpa, the foundational creation events of the Dreaming. Every fold, every cave, every waterhole on the rock is the trace of a specific ancestral being doing a specific action. The rock is not a symbol of these stories. It IS the stories, physically present. In 1985 the Australian government returned legal title of Uluru to its Anangu traditional owners; in 2019, climbing the rock was permanently banned. William Tjapaltjarri took me out to Mutitjulu an hour before sunset, asked me politely not to photograph the designated sacred sites, and let the rock speak for itself. The eight-minute sunset transition from red to deep blood-crimson to indigo silhouette is, he said quietly, the closest thing the Anangu have to a public liturgy. I have stood in front of the Taj Mahal at sunrise, the Sphinx at noon, Notre-Dame at dusk. I have never been in front of a place that did this to the silence around it.

Radim Kaufmann standing waist-deep in the crystal-clear turquoise shallows of a sheltered lagoon at Lady Elliot Island on the southern Great Barrier Reef off the Queensland coast of Australia in a navy GREAT BARRIER REEF UV rash guard with a snorkel mask pushed up onto his forehead and the snorkel hanging beside his face holding in one hand a small clear acrylic underwater specimen viewing-box containing a fragment of brain coral and a small blue-and-yellow damselfish and in the other hand his DSLR camera in a transparent underwater housing on a wrist strap, beside Dr. Hannah Fraser an Australian marine biologist in her forties with fair sun-freckled skin and sandy-blonde hair tied back in a wet ponytail under a wide-brimmed lightweight UV sun-hat wearing a sky-blue Reef Restoration Foundation rash guard with a small embroidered chest patch GBR LEGACY · MARINE SCIENCE and a small Australian flag patch on her sleeve holding a waterproof clipboard with field notes and a yellow-and-black diving fin under her arm gesturing into the water explaining mid-survey, below the water surface clearly visible through the lagoon a vibrant healthy section of Great Barrier Reef coral including orange-and-cream Acropora staghorn coral, lavender plate corals, swaying purple sea fans, a patrolling green sea turtle Chelonia mydas gliding along the white sandy bottom, a school of yellow-tailed fusiliers Caesio cuning, a parrotfish in iridescent blue-and-green, and a clownfish couple Amphiprion percula sheltering in a magenta-tipped sea anemone, the white-coral-sand beach of Lady Elliot Island with low pisonia trees and the 1873 Lady Elliot Island lighthouse a white tower with two red horizontal bands behind, an anchored small dive research boat with REEF RESTORATION FOUNDATION lettering on the bow flying the Australian flag, a wedge-tailed shearwater seabird overhead, bright Queensland sun and deep cobalt sky

Great Barrier Reef — Lady Elliot Island

Queensland · Australia

The Great Barrier Reef is the largest living structure on Earth — a 2,300-kilometre lattice of 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands along the Queensland coast, visible from low Earth orbit, declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1981. It is also, in 2026, the most intensively monitored marine ecosystem in human history: between 1995 and 2022, the reef lost approximately half of its hard coral cover to four major bleaching events driven by sea-surface temperature anomalies, and the survival of the entire system over the next century is contested among the scientists who actually work it. Lady Elliot Island, at the southern tip of the reef system, is the most southerly coral cay and one of the healthiest remaining sections — a small 45-hectare island that hosts an eco-resort, a research station, an 1873 lighthouse, the densest manta-ray population on the GBR, and a small permanent staff of marine biologists working on the most ambitious reef-restoration program in the world. Dr. Hannah Fraser took me out into the lagoon that morning, handed me a specimen viewing-box and a clipboard, and let me follow her on a transect survey of a single twenty-metre stretch of healthy reef. In the span of one slow swim I counted forty-three species of fish, eleven species of hard coral, two species of soft coral, one green sea turtle, two clownfish couples, and a sleeping white-tipped reef shark on the sand. “It is the most extraordinary place on the planet,” she said when we surfaced. “And it is dying. And we cannot, any of us, look away from that.”

Radim Kaufmann standing in a long row of mature trellised Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines at golden hour on a small family-owned vineyard in the Margaret River wine region of Western Australia in a crisp white linen shirt unbuttoned at the collar with sleeves rolled and cream chino trousers and tan leather chukka boots his brown leather camera bag slung across his shoulder holding a long-stemmed Burgundy wineglass of deep ruby Cabernet Sauvignon, beside Tom Kavanagh a 60-something Australian winemaker of Anglo-Irish heritage with neatly trimmed grey hair and kind blue eyes in a faded navy-blue moleskin field shirt with sleeves rolled over weathered forearms with an embroidered KAVANAGH ESTATE · EST 1987 · MARGARET RIVER chest patch and a small Australian flag patch on the sleeve, dusty leather RM Williams work boots and faded jeans with pruning secateurs in his belt loop holding his own glass of Cabernet mid-sentence gesturing toward a single perfect cluster of dark-purple ripe Cabernet grapes hanging from the vine between them ready for harvest, the long perspective of the trellised vineyard rows stretching to the gentle Karri-Eucalypt forested ridgeline in the distance, a small whitewashed 1987-vintage stone winery building with a rust-red corrugated tin roof and a wide front veranda, a grey-and-white Australian Kelpie sheepdog dozing on the gravel by the cellar-door entrance, a hand-painted KAVANAGH ESTATE · CELLAR DOOR · WELCOME wooden sign beside a small Australian flag on a wooden pole, a weathered timber wine-barrel-end table beside the row with two open bottles labelled KAVANAGH ESTATE CABERNET 2018 and KAVANAGH ESTATE CABERNET 2020, a slate cheese-board with a wedge of Margaret River brie, a small bowl of Karri-tree honey with a wooden honey-dipper, two corks on the barrel head, and a folded copy of THE MARGARET RIVER PRESS country-edition newspaper with the headline VINTAGE REPORT: EXCELLENT CONDITIONS, soft golden-hour Western Australian light, deep cobalt sky transitioning to peach at the horizon

Margaret River Cabernet at Kavanagh Estate

Margaret River · Western Australia

Margaret River is the most isolated major wine region on Earth — a 1,500-square-kilometre strip of Mediterranean-climate farmland on the south-western tip of Australia, surrounded on three sides by the Indian Ocean, four hours’ drive south of Perth, and producing only 3 percent of Australia’s wine by volume but roughly 20 percent of its premium-bottle-price-point wine. The region is comparable to Bordeaux’s gravel-and-clay soils and sits at almost exactly the same latitude as Stellenbosch in South Africa. It was first identified as a great viticultural location in 1965 by a single visionary named Dr. John Gladstones, in a scientific paper that read almost exactly like a treasure map; the first commercial vineyard was planted in 1967, and the region’s reputation today rests on the Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay grown along its central ridge. Tom Kavanagh and his late wife Eileen planted their first 8 hectares of Cabernet in 1987, sold their first vintage in 1991, and have been making wine on this small ridge between the Margaret and Wilyabrup rivers ever since. The 2018 vintage we tasted that afternoon — five years old, just entering the early plateau of its drinking window — was one of the cleanest, most balanced Cabernets I have had outside of Pauillac. Tom poured a second glass for both of us, looked out at the row he had planted thirty-nine years before, and said, in the patient flat-vowelled cadence of country Western Australians: “Mate, this is the best office in the world. Don’t tell anyone.”

Radim Kaufmann standing on the weathered timber boardwalk that circles Dove Lake at the foot of Cradle Mountain in Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park in central Tasmania at sunrise wearing a faded olive-green technical waterproof rain jacket over a charcoal-grey thermal t-shirt with dark waterproof hiking trousers and sturdy brown leather hiking boots dusted with reddish Tasmanian button-grass mud and a wide-brimmed canvas Akubra-style bush hat with a small daypack on his shoulders his brown leather camera bag clipped to the hip-belt of the pack holding his DSLR camera with a long telephoto lens, beside Sarah Whitlock a 40-something Tasmanian wilderness guide of fair weathered complexion with auburn-brown hair pulled back in a low ponytail under a forest-green Parks & Wildlife Service Tasmania field cap in the official khaki-and-forest-green Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service ranger uniform with a small embroidered chest patch and a small Tasmanian state flag patch on her sleeve holding rubber-armoured binoculars and gesturing toward a particular feature on the mountain mid-sentence, the iconic twin-peaked silhouette of Cradle Mountain rising 1545 metres abruptly from the far shore of Dove Lake with its distinctive jagged dolerite buttresses catching the first warm pink-orange light of dawn, the perfectly mirror-still surface of Dove Lake reflecting the mountain in symmetrical inversion below, the cool-temperate Gondwanan rainforest of dark-green King Billy pines and Tasmanian myrtle-beech Nothofagus cunninghamii ringing the lake, rust-orange tussocks of Tasmanian button-grass Gymnoschoenus sphaerocephalus in the foreground bog beside the boardwalk, a common Tasmanian wombat Vombatus ursinus hirsutus grazing peacefully on the foreshore at lower right, a pair of Bennett's wallabies feeding at the boardwalk edge at lower left, a white-bellied sea-eagle wheeling above the peaks, a weathered wooden information sign at the boardwalk junction reading DOVE LAKE CIRCUIT · 6 KM · 2 HOURS · CRADLE MOUNTAIN-LAKE ST CLAIR NATIONAL PARK · TASMANIAN WILDERNESS WORLD HERITAGE AREA with the Tas Parks logo and the UNESCO World Heritage emblem, soft white morning mist rising from the lake surface in thin ribbons, the sky a deep cobalt above transitioning to pale lavender and then pink-peach-orange at the eastern horizon where the first sun is catching the mountain's east face

Cradle Mountain & Dove Lake at Sunrise

Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park · Tasmania

Cradle Mountain is 1,545 metres high, made of dolerite — the same rock as the Giant’s Causeway in Northern Ireland and the Palisades along the Hudson River — and rises with two distinctive jagged buttresses from the southern shore of a small alpine lake formed during the last glaciation. It is the most iconic landscape in Australia’s most overlooked state. Tasmania, the island off the south-eastern corner of the continent, is roughly the size of West Virginia and home to just 570,000 people; almost 50 percent of its area is protected as some form of conservation reserve. The Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area covers nearly a quarter of the island and protects one of the last large temperate wilderness ecosystems on Earth — including cool-temperate rainforest of plants whose evolutionary cousins are found in Patagonia, New Zealand, and Antarctica: living remnants of the Gondwanan supercontinent that split apart 180 million years ago. The Dove Lake Circuit is six kilometres of boardwalk-and-track that loops the lake at the foot of the mountain. Doing it at sunrise, before the daytrippers arrive from Launceston, means having the most photographed reflection in Australia largely to yourself. Sarah took me out at 5 a.m. from the Ronny Creek shuttle stop, and we walked in silence to the boardwalk by the lake just as the first light caught the peaks. She pointed out the wombat — Tasmania has the densest wombat population in Australia — and the pair of Bennett’s wallabies grazing on the foreshore, and the sea-eagle. “On a still morning like this,” she said quietly, “the lake is the mirror and the mountain is the face. It’s one of the only places I know where the country looks at itself.”

Radim Kaufmann on the Mount Alava ridge trail above the dramatic volcanic-caldera harbour of Pago Pago in American Samoa, with a Samoan park ranger in National Park Service uniform and traditional black-and-white patterned lavalava skirt-wrap, visible Samoan pe'a tattoo on his forearm, holding a wooden walking staff, Rainmaker Mountain rising 523 metres straight from the sea, the town of Fagatogo at the head of the bay, tropical rainforest with a flying fox bat in the tree

Pago Pago Harbor · Mount Alava

Pago Pago · American Samoa

Pago Pago Harbor is one of the most dramatic natural harbours on Earth — a volcanic caldera breached by the sea, four kilometres long, flanked by ridges of dense tropical rainforest rising almost vertically to 500 metres. The National Park of American Samoa is the only U.S. national park south of the Equator and the least visited — about 30,000 people a year, against the four million who visit the Grand Canyon. American Samoa has been a U.S. unincorporated territory since 1900, but has stayed more Polynesian than American in all the ways that matter. My guide, Tuilagi, is both a park ranger and a matai — a traditional chief. The pe’a tattoo covering his thighs marks his rank. He explained that the flying fox bats roosting in the trees are not just protected wildlife but cultural symbols: pe’a vao, "forest bats," whose flight is said to carry the prayers of one’s ancestors. The harbour was the only Pacific port large enough to host the entire U.S. fleet during World War II. Today it hosts mostly fishing boats. The forest is largely indifferent to both.

Radim Kaufmann seated cross-legged on pandanus floor mats inside a traditional open-sided thatched Samoan fale during a Sunday fia fia umu family feast on Tutuila Island, American Samoa, with a Samoan village matai chief in 'ie toga fine mat and red hibiscus ula necklace offering palusami in a banana leaf parcel, the chief's wife in vibrant coral-and-turquoise puletasi dress with a tiare flower behind her ear, their son in a navy lavalava, a magnificent umu feast spread before them of roasted suckling pig, fish in banana leaves, taro, breadfruit, palusami, octopus in coconut cream and tropical fruit, turquoise Pacific lagoon visible beyond the palms

A Sunday Fia Fia Feast

Tutuila · American Samoa

Fa’a Samoa — "the Samoan way" — is the unwritten constitution that has governed Samoan life for at least three thousand years. It is built around three things: the extended family (aiga), the chiefly authority (matai) elected by each family, and Sunday. Every Sunday after morning church, every Samoan family gathers for the great communal feast prepared the traditional way: in an umu, an earth oven of heated volcanic stones laid in a pit, covered with banana leaves, and slow-roasted for three hours. Setiola, the matai of the family I sat with, presides over an extended aiga of about forty people. The food was extraordinary: whole snapper baked in banana leaves, roasted suckling pig, taro, breadfruit, octopus in coconut cream, and — the unrivalled centerpiece — palusami, parcels of young taro leaves baked in coconut cream until they become something between a custard and green velvet. His wife, who insisted on calling me uso — brother — kept refilling my coconut shell with water. The trade wind passed through the fale. There was no hurry to be anywhere else.

Radim Kaufmann walking barefoot on a tropical beach at sunset on Bora Bora, French Polynesia, with a Polynesian female friend in a colourful turquoise-and-coral hibiscus sarong, a single white tiare flower behind her ear, both holding fresh green coconuts with bamboo straws, Mount Otemanu silhouetted against a peach and lavender sunset sky

Coconuts at Sunset

Bora Bora · French Polynesia

Bora Bora is a single volcanic peak — Mount Otemanu, 727 metres of basalt — surrounded by a coral lagoon and a shallow blue ring of barrier reef. The whole island can be circled by bicycle in three hours. The tiare flower behind a Tahitian woman’s ear is the local greeting, more reliable than a wave. The coconut water came straight from the fruit, hacked open with a machete by the man at the beach bar. He recommended drinking it before we walked. He was right.

🌍  Africa7 photos · 4 countries

Radim Kaufmann at the Roman ruins of Tipasa on the Algerian Mediterranean coast, with a local Algerian female archaeologist pointing down to an intricate Roman dolphin mosaic medallion preserved in situ, the marble Albert Camus memorial stele inscribed J'AI ÉTÉ À TIPASA visible behind, broken Corinthian columns of the basilica of Saint Salsa rising against the deep blue Mediterranean Sea beyond

Tipasa · Where Camus Wrote

Tipasa · Algeria

Tipasa is a small Phoenician harbour that became a major Roman provincial city, then a Christian basilica town, then a ruin — and finally, through one of the most famous essays of 20th-century French literature, a place of pilgrimage. Albert Camus, born in French Algeria in 1913, wrote Noces à Tipasa here in 1936: a young writer’s pagan-classical meditation on sun, sea, ancient stones, and the right to be happy without reason. The essay made Tipasa famous in French letters. A small carved stele still stands in the ruins bearing his line: I understand here what they call glory: the right to love without measure. The Roman city itself was substantial — basilica, forum, theatre, villas with mosaic floors that have miraculously survived 1,800 years of Mediterranean weather. UNESCO listed the whole site in 1982. My guide, Yasmina, has been working at the site for fifteen years. She showed me which mosaic had been excavated when, and which view across the bay had inspired which paragraph of Camus’s essay. We sat for a moment in the shade of a fallen Corinthian capital, the sea below us in the same blue Camus wrote about. Some places make their own argument for being preserved.

Radim Kaufmann sitting cross-legged on a red-and-ochre patterned Berber wool rug in a traditional whitewashed Kabyle Berber mountain house in the Djurdjura Mountains of northern Algeria, opposite a Berber grandmother in yellow headscarf and indigo-yellow embroidered ftouta robe with coral-amber beaded necklaces pouring traditional mint tea from height onto a hammered copper tray with plates of dates, almonds, and Berber tagine bread, her smiling son beside her, the green terraced Djurdjura mountains visible through an archway

A Berber Tea Ceremony

Kabylie · Algeria

The Kabyle Berbers — Iqbayliyen — are one of the largest Berber peoples in North Africa, with around five million speakers of their language Taqbaylit. They live mostly in the rugged Djurdjura Mountains east of Algiers, a region that has resisted assimilation in turn by Romans, Arabs, Ottomans, and the French. The villages are whitewashed stone, perched on ridgetops; the language is still alive; the women still weave the bright red-and-ochre wool rugs that have made Kabyle weaving famous for centuries. The tea ceremony itself is small choreography. The pot is brought to a boil; the green tea is steeped; fresh spearmint and sugar are added; the tea is poured from height into small glass cups, several times — each pour aerates the liquid into the proper foam (relqaa), the sign of correct preparation. Three rounds are served: the first bitter as life, the second sweet as love, the third gentle as death. The afternoon I sat with Tassadit and her son Rachid in their courtyard above the village of Aït Hichem, the mountain wind moved the woven hangings on the walls. She speaks only Tamazight; her son translated. She told me I should come back in the spring when the cherry trees bloom. I plan to.

Radim Kaufmann on the sandy plateau at the Pyramids of Giza, Egypt, holding a small pharaoh souvenir statuette and a tan sun hat, with the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure rising in the desert behind him

The Pyramids of Giza

Giza · Egypt

The Great Pyramid of Khufu is 4,500 years old, was the tallest building on Earth for 3,800 of those years, and we still don’t fully agree on how it was built. Two and a half million blocks, average weight two and a half tonnes, aligned to true north within a tenth of a degree, in the middle of a desert. Whatever quibbles one has about ancient labour conditions, the engineering is undeniably world-class. The pharaoh statuette in my hand cost five dollars at the gate. The pyramid behind me cost roughly the GDP of Egypt at the time. Both are valid souvenirs in their way.

Radim Kaufmann standing through the open roof of a green Land Cruiser on the Maasai Mara plain in Kenya with a Maasai guide in traditional red and blue checked shuka cloth and beaded necklaces holding a wooden walking staff, an African elephant and impalas grazing in the golden savannah behind, with a single acacia tree silhouetted on the horizon

On the Mara · with a Maasai guide

Maasai Mara · Kenya

The Maasai are a Nilotic pastoralist people who have shared these plains with the elephants and impalas for at least four centuries — possibly much longer. The red shuka cloth is partly tradition, partly a deliberate signal to wildlife: lions associate the colour with humans and avoid it. Our guide spoke six languages, including English, Maa, and enough French to handle the cruise-ship crowds. The elephant behind us is a bull, about thirty years old. We stayed inside the vehicle because he was paying close attention.

Radim Kaufmann on the elevated open viewing platform of a safari Land Cruiser in the Kissama National Park in central Angola, with an Angolan park ranger in khaki uniform pointing toward a family of African elephants - a matriarch with two juveniles and a tiny calf - walking calmly across the golden savannah, three massive baobab trees with thick pale-grey trunks in the middle distance, three giraffes browsing in acacia trees beyond

Kissama · Operation Noah’s Ark

Kwanza River · Angola

The Kissama National Park sits 70 km south of Luanda along the Kwanza River, covering nearly 10,000 km² of savannah, wetland, and baobab forest. For most of the 1980s and 1990s — the long Angolan civil war — it was a battlefield, and almost the entire population of elephants, giraffes, and large antelope was lost to poaching and conflict. Then, in 2000, came one of the most ambitious African conservation projects ever attempted: Operation Noah’s Ark, a multi-year effort to airlift surplus wildlife from Botswana, South Africa, and Namibia and re-establish the populations. They flew in elephants. They flew in giraffes. The animals settled, bred, survived. The elephant family we watched — a matriarch with two juveniles and a tiny calf — were probably grand-grand-grand-descendants of an elephant flown in from Okavango in 2001. The baobabs were already old. They had been waiting.

Radim Kaufmann at an outdoor beach restaurant terrace in Mussulo on the Atlantic coast of Angola with two Portuguese-Angolan friends - the husband in cream linen shirt mid-ladle serving moqueca, the wife in a vibrant coral-and-yellow Angolan-batik patterned dress laughing - sharing a magnificent traditional Angolan seafood feast: moqueca de peixe in earthenware bowls with rich orange-red coconut-tomato-palm-oil stew, white rice in a blue-and-white ceramic bowl, pirao cassava porridge, papo-seco bread, malagueta chili sauce, mango and papaya, three tall glasses of caipirinha angolana with crushed lime and cane rum, the Atlantic Ocean and small wooden fishing pirogues on the sandy beach beyond at sunset

Mussulo · Moqueca on the Atlantic

Mussulo · Angola

The Angolan kitchen is one of the great unsung cuisines of the African Atlantic. Five hundred years of Portuguese colonial cooking met five thousand years of West African and Bantu food culture, and then crossed the ocean to Brazil and crossed back again — picking up techniques from both shores. Moqueca de peixe is the centerpiece: a slow-simmered whole fish in a rich orange stew of coconut milk, tomato, dendê (red palm oil), bell pepper, and cilantro, served with pirão — a cassava-flour porridge made by stirring the stew broth into manioc flour until it thickens. Caipirinha angolana, the Brazilian classic made with local cane rum, washes it down. António and Carlota run a small beach restaurant in Mussulo, a sandy peninsula reached only by boat from Luanda. He fishes; she cooks. They explained that the recipe for moqueca was carried to Brazil by enslaved Angolans in the 17th century, then carried back by Brazilian musicians and exiled writers who came to Luanda after independence. Some recipes refuse to forget where they started. This was one of those meals.

Radim Kaufmann standing respectfully at the edge of the spectacular Tundavala Gap viewpoint in the Serra da Chela mountains above Lubango in southern Angola, with two Mwila Muila women in their traditional nontombi hair styled with red-orange oncula paste and decorated with white seashells, layered vilanda neck collars of red and yellow beads, brass bangles, and vivid patterned cotton wrap skirts, the elder gesturing across the 1,200-metre vertical sandstone escarpment dropping into the Namib lowlands beyond

Tundavala · the Lookout of the World

Serra da Chela · Angola

The Tundavala Gap is a sudden, almost violent break in the high plateau of southern Angola: the land drops 1,200 metres in a vertical sandstone escarpment, plunging from the 2,200-metre Serra da Chela mountains into the dry Namib lowlands below. The local name Tundavala means roughly "the Lookout of the World," and the name is not metaphorical. From the rim, on a clear afternoon, you can see for a hundred kilometres into nothing. The Huíla highlands are home to the Mwila (or Muíla) people, a Nyaneka-speaking semi-nomadic group whose women maintain one of the most striking traditional adornment styles in Africa: hair worked with oncula — a reddish paste of ochre clay, cow butter, ground tree bark, and herbs — braided into sculptural locks decorated with seashells and silver medallions; vilanda neck collars layered over years and never removed. Yamuhile, the elder beside me, has worn her vilanda for forty years. She remembers the Portuguese; she remembers the war; she remembers what the escarpment looked like before there were any roads to it. She also speaks five languages. Some of the most sophisticated people in the world live in places no one has heard of.

🇦🇶  Antarctica4 photos · 1 territory

Radim Kaufmann at Troll Station in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, with Lars, a Norwegian glaciologist from the Norwegian Polar Institute, both wearing red Norwegian polar expedition parkas and holding steaming metal mugs of coffee, the Norwegian flag flying on a tall flagpole behind them, the blue-grey modular buildings of the year-round Norwegian Antarctic research base on stilts, the dramatic dark granite spires of the Jutulsessen mountain range rising behind, the station sign reading TROLL STATION ANTARCTICA 72°00'S 2°32'E 1270 m a.s.l., South Polar skuas wheeling overhead, brilliant cobalt-blue Antarctic summer sky

Troll Station · Norway's Antarctic Base

Queen Maud Land · Antarctica · 72°00′S 2°32′E · 1,270 m a.s.l.

Troll is Norway’s year-round Antarctic research station, planted 235 kilometres inland on a granite nunatak called Jutulsessen at 1,270 metres elevation — in the heart of Queen Maud Land, the slice of Antarctica that Norway has claimed since 1939. Run by the Norwegian Polar Institute, it has been operating continuously since 2005, housing six to eight staff through the long polar dark and up to forty-five during the brief austral summer: glaciologists, climatologists, atmospheric chemists, and the technicians who keep the adjacent Troll Airfield clear for the LC-130 Hercules flights connecting this place to Cape Town. Lars, a 50-something Norwegian glaciologist on his seventh season at Troll, told me over a mug of strong black coffee that the thing nobody warns you about is the silence — a kind of pressing acoustic emptiness broken only by the wind, the distant diesel hum of the generator hall, and the occasional cry of a South Polar skua wheeling above the nunatak. The granite spires of Jutulsessen behind us are 1.1 billion years old: among the oldest exposed rock on the continent. Coffee at the end of the world. The Norwegians have known how to do this for a long time.

Radim Kaufmann seated at the bow of an orange Zodiac expedition boat cruising slowly through the narrow Lemaire Channel on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula, wearing a red Norwegian polar expedition parka and a life vest with R expedition company logo, glacier sunglasses, holding a DSLR camera, with Norwegian expedition guide Astrid in matching red parka and life vest, wool cap, binoculars around her neck, pointing toward a Weddell seal hauled out on a small ice floe, dramatic vertical ice-and-rock walls rising 1000 metres on both sides of the 11-kilometre channel, deep blue-black water mirror-still and reflecting the walls perfectly, fragments of ice and a single tabular iceberg, a humpback whale spout in the distance, two other expedition guests visible at the back of the Zodiac, low golden Antarctic sun filtering through high cloud

Lemaire Channel · “Kodak Gap”

Antarctic Peninsula · Antarctica

The Lemaire Channel — known to expedition skippers as “Kodak Gap” for the sheer density of photographers it produces per square nautical mile — is an 11-kilometre-long, 1.6-kilometre-wide strait between the Antarctic mainland and Booth Island, on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula. The walls of dark rock and ribbed glacier ice rise sheer on both sides to a thousand metres; the water below is a deep blue-black so still it mirrors the walls perfectly. We slipped through in the early evening light, four to a Zodiac, with our expedition guide Astrid — a former Norwegian Polar Institute biologist on her twenty-third Antarctic season — pointing out a Weddell seal hauled out on a small ice floe directly in our path. (Weddell seals are the southernmost-breeding mammal on Earth and the most placid of the Antarctic phocids; the Zodiac drifted close enough for a photograph without disturbing it.) A humpback spout exhaled twice in the distance. Astrid said, with the dry detachment of someone who has watched this channel a thousand times, that there are people who come here once and spend the rest of their lives trying to come back. I understand them now.

Radim Kaufmann at Port Lockroy on Goudier Island, Antarctic Peninsula, standing on a wooden walkway holding three stamped postcards bearing the Port Lockroy postmark, beside Sophie, a UK Antarctic Heritage Trust volunteer in navy UKAHT parka with the embroidered penguin logo and Union Jack patch, the historic 1944 black-and-red wooden Bransfield House behind, signs reading PORT LOCKROY EST 1944, BRANSFIELD HOUSE, and the world's southernmost post office, the Union Jack flying on a tall flagpole, a large colony of gentoo penguins nesting on the snowy rocks around the building with one penguin on a pebble nest in the foreground, the cobalt-blue waters of Port Lockroy harbour with a single tabular iceberg and the snow peaks of Wiencke Island beyond

Port Lockroy · The World’s Southernmost Post Office

Goudier Island · Antarctic Peninsula · 64°49′S

Port Lockroy is the most famous small building in Antarctica. Bransfield House — the gable-roofed black-and-red wooden hut on the rocks of Goudier Island — was built in 1944 as part of Operation Tabarin, the British wartime mission to assert sovereignty in the South Atlantic and watch for German raiders. After the war it became a regular British Antarctic Survey research station until 1962, then was abandoned to the ice for three decades. In 1996 the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust restored the original timbers, the linoleum floor, the wartime radio sets, the cans of Heinz baked beans still on the shelves, and reopened the hut as a museum, gift shop, and — improbably — a fully-functioning Royal Mail post office. Roughly 70,000 postcards a year are stamped with the Port Lockroy postmark and sent home from this small shed at 64°49′S. The other inhabitants of Goudier Island are about 1,500 breeding pairs of gentoo penguins who nest, with serene indifference, around and beneath the museum walls. Sophie, the British UKAHT volunteer who postmarked my three cards, explained that the post office is run by four women each austral summer, chosen from over 6,000 annual applicants. The job pays nothing. They count penguins, they sell stamps, they live without running water for five months. The waiting list, she said, is extraordinary.

Radim Kaufmann sitting cross-legged on an inflated sleeping pad inside a small bright-yellow expedition tent at an overnight camp on the sea ice of Paradise Bay on the Antarctic Peninsula at midnight twilight, wearing his red Norwegian polar expedition parka with the small Norwegian flag patch on the right shoulder, fingerless gloves, glasses on, smiling at the camera, holding a steaming enamel mug of hot chocolate, expedition gear including a Petzl headlamp on the pad and a The North Face Waterproof 20L dry bag and a small camp stove with a steaming pot, beside Astrid the Norwegian expedition guide in her adjacent yellow tent across a small snow vestibule, several crabeater seals on the ice outside, an orange Zodiac pulled up on the ice fifty metres away, magnificent pink-orange alpenglow on the distant glacier walls and tabular icebergs under a deep cobalt-violet midnight twilight sky

Paradise Bay · Camp on the Ice

Antarctic Peninsula · Antarctica

A small number of Antarctic expedition operators offer something called “polar camping” — a single overnight on the sea ice or on a snow bench ashore, away from the warmth and food and noise of the expedition ship, sleeping out on the continent itself. It is the closest most of us will ever come to an actual Antarctic expedition. We were briefed in the afternoon: no food in the tents (the skuas are clever and the giant petrels can lift a tent flap); no human waste left behind (we were each handed a sealed pee bottle and a sense of humor about it); no leaving the marked camp area after dark. Then we were ferried by Zodiac to a flat snow shelf above Paradise Bay, given a sleeping pad, a sleeping bag rated to –30°C, and a single small bright-yellow tent each, set up by the guides in a tidy line across the snow. The light that came across the bay at midnight, when the sun barely dipped below the southern horizon, was the most beautiful light I have ever witnessed: a slow purple-then-orange-then-rose alpenglow on the glacier walls, the water mirror-still, three crabeater seals sleeping on a floe a hundred metres out, a single skua patrolling the edge of the camp. Astrid, our guide, came to my tent door at about 11:30 p.m. with a small enamel mug of hot chocolate. Hers, characteristically, had a splash of Norwegian aquavit in it. “Don’t tell anyone,” she said, and toasted the horizon. I did not sleep all night. There was nothing on Earth more interesting than what was happening outside the tent.

All photographs above are from the personal collection of Radim Kaufmann and from the Kaufmann World Travel Factbook (www.kaufmann.wtf). Images have been digitally edited for presentation.

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